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The original grandfather clauses were contained in new state constitutions and Jim Crow laws passed between 1890 and 1908 by white-dominated state legislatures including Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, North Carolina, Oklahoma, and Virginia. [2] They restricted voter registration, effectively preventing African Americans from voting. [3]
The Jim Crow laws were ... it took many years to implement this decision, while the Warren Court continued to rule against Jim Crow ... Grandfather clauses ...
This is a list of examples of Jim Crow laws, which were state, territorial, and local laws in the United States enacted between 1877 and 1965. Jim Crow laws existed throughout the United States and originated from the Black Codes that were passed from 1865 to 1866 and from before the American Civil War.
Oklahoma and other states quickly reacted by passing laws that created other rules for voter registration that worked against blacks and minorities. [47] Oklahoma did not have a Republican governor until Henry Bellmon was elected in 1962, though Republicans were still able to draw over 40% of the vote statewide during the Jim Crow era.
But its residents knew white people could use violence to enforce Jim Crow elsewhere. In 1955, Mamie Till-Mobley stayed in the town during breaks in the trial of two white men accused of torturing ...
North Carolina is one of only nine states that conduct runoffs in primary elections, a practice that began in the Jim Crow era of the American South.
Throughout the South there were Jim Crow laws creating de jure legally required segregation. Facilities and services such as housing, healthcare, education, employment, and transportation have been systematically separated in the United States based on racial categorizations.
The state's original list of disenfranchising crimes springs from the Jim Crow era, and attorneys who sued to challenge the list say authors of the Mississippi Constitution removed voting rights ...