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Chandigarh (/ ˌ tʃ ʌ n d ɪ ˈ ɡ ɑːr /) is a city and union territory in northern India, serving as the shared capital of the states of Punjab and Haryana.Situated near the foothills of the Sivalik range of Himalayas, it borders Haryana to the east and Punjab in the remaining directions.
Chandigarh Capital Region (CCR) or Chandigarh Metropolitan Region (CMR) is an area, which includes the union territory city of Chandigarh, and its neighboring cities of Mohali, Kharar, Zirakpur, New Chandigarh (in Punjab) and Panchkula, Pinjore, Kalka, Barwala (in Haryana).
The city of Chandigarh was the first planned city in India post-independence in 1947 and is known internationally for its architecture and urban design. [ 6 ] Normally any place in India has representation at 3 levels: National (Parliament), State (Legislative Assembly) & local (Municipality or Panchayat).
Chandigarh is the capital of Punjab, and houses the Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) and the secretariat. Chandigarh also serves as the capital of Haryana, and is a union territory of India. The Punjab & Haryana High Court, located in Chandigarh, has jurisdiction over the whole state. [3]
India is a federal constitutional republic governed under a parliamentary system consisting of 28 states and 8 union territories. [1] All states, as well as the union territories of Jammu and Kashmir, Puducherry and the National Capital Territory of Delhi, have elected legislatures and governments, both patterned on the Westminster model.
Haryana, with 22 districts, is a state in the northern region of India and is the nation's eighteenth most populous. [1] The state borders with Punjab and Himachal Pradesh to the north and Rajasthan to the west and south. The river Yamuna defines its eastern border with Uttar Pradesh.
A mustard field in Haryana, near the state capital of Chandigarh. Haryana is a landlocked state in northern India. It is between 27°39' to 30°35' N latitude and between 74°28' and 77°36' E longitude. [71] The total geographical area of the state is 4.42 m ha, which is 1.4% of the geographical area of the country. [72]
Chandigarh being a city-state, and a Union Territory does not have a legislative assembly of its own, even though it hosts the legislative assemblies of two states Punjab & Haryana, being a common capital of both states. It has its own Municipal Corporation (MCC), which acts as the local governing authority of the City Beautiful (Chandigarh).