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  2. Pragmatics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pragmatics

    For example, the study of code switching directly relates to pragmatics, since a switch in code effects a shift in pragmatic force. [ 23 ] According to Charles W. Morris , pragmatics tries to understand the relationship between signs and their users, while semantics tends to focus on the actual objects or ideas to which a word refers, and ...

  3. Experimental pragmatics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_pragmatics

    Experimental pragmatics is an academic area that uses experiments (concerning children's and adults' comprehension of sentences, utterances, or story-lines) to test theories about the way people understand utterances—and, by extension, one another—in context (this is an area known as pragmatics).

  4. Functional discourse grammar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_discourse_grammar

    Functional discourse grammar explains the phonology, morphosyntax, pragmatics and semantics in one linguistic theory. According to functional discourse grammar, linguistic utterances are built top-down in this order by deciding upon: The pragmatic aspects of the utterance; The semantic aspects of the utterance; The morphosyntactic aspects of ...

  5. Scalar implicature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalar_implicature

    In pragmatics, scalar implicature, or quantity implicature, [1] is an implicature that attributes an implicit meaning beyond the explicit or literal meaning of an utterance, and which suggests that the utterer had a reason for not using a more informative or stronger term on the same scale. The choice of the weaker characterization suggests ...

  6. Metapragmatics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metapragmatics

    Although it is useful to distinguish semantic (i.e. denotative or referential) meaning (dictionary meaning) from pragmatic meaning, and thus metasemantic discourse (for example, "Mesa means 'table' in Spanish") from metapragmatic utterances (e.g. "Say 'thank you' to your grandmother," or "It is impolite to swear in mixed company"), meta ...

  7. Relevance theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relevance_theory

    Examples for the latter are loose language use (saying "I earn €2000 a month" when one really earns €1997.32), hyperbole, and metaphor. In other words, relevance theory views figurative language, just as literal language, as a description of an actual state of affairs (path (c) in the diagram), the only difference being the extent to which ...

  8. Adjacency pairs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adjacency_pairs

    Adjacency pairs are a component of pragmatic variation in the study of linguistics, and are considered primarily to be evident in the "interactional" function of pragmatics. [2] Adjacency pairs exist in every language and vary in context and content among each, based on the cultural values held by speakers of the respective language.

  9. Explicature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explicature

    Explicature is a technical term in pragmatics, the branch of linguistics that concerns the meaning given to an utterance by its context. The explicatures of a sentence are what is explicitly said, often supplemented with contextual information. They contrast with implicatures, the information that the speaker conveys without actually stating it ...