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Brain rendered with VOXEL-MAN from magnetic resonance imaging data 1998. VOXEL-MAN is the name of a set of a computer programs for creation and visualization of three-dimensional digital models of the human body derived from cross-sectional images of computer tomography, magnetic resonance tomography or photography (e. g. the Visible Human Project). [1]
The Visible Human Project is an effort to create a detailed data set of cross-sectional photographs of the human body, in order to facilitate anatomy visualization applications. It is used as a tool for the progression of medical findings, in which these findings link anatomy to its audiences. [1]
The initial concepts that led to the Virtual Physiological Human initiative came from the IUPS Physiome Project.The project was started in 1997 and represented the first worldwide effort to define the physiome through the development of databases and models which facilitated the understanding of the integrative function of cells, organs, and organisms. [7]
CT scans give the human body a large dose of ionizing radiation – something the computational phantom was designed to circumvent in the first place. MRI images take a long time to process. Furthermore, most scans of a single subject cover only a small portion of the body, whereas a full scan series is needed for useful data.
3D Indiana is a commercial Educational software for teaching and research on the human anatomy.The name is an acronym for Three-Dimensional Interactive Digital Anatomy.This software is based [1] on the principles of volumetric anatomy [2] which uses three intersecting coordinate planes to locate the organs of the human body based on mathematical calculations.
ZygoteBody, formerly Google Body, is a web application by Zygote Media Group that renders manipulable 3D anatomical models of the human body. Several layers, from muscle tissues down to blood vessels , can be removed or made transparent to allow better study of individual body parts.
Their flagship product, the BioDigital Human, is a "searchable, customizable map of the human body". [4] The BioDigital Human Platform has over a million users, [5] including doctors, medical students, and yoga instructors. [6] New York University School of Medicine has used the software to teach medical students about anatomy. [7] [8]
A digital autopsy is a non-invasive autopsy in which digital imaging technology, such as with computerized tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, is used to develop three-dimensional images for a virtual exploration of a human body.