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Life expectancy at birth in the Roman Empire is estimated at about 22–33 years. [9] [notes 1] For the two-thirds to three-quarters of the population surviving the first year of life, [10] life expectancy at age 1 is estimated at around 34–41 remaining years (i.e. expected to live to age 35–42), while for the 55–65% surviving to age 5, life expectancy was around 40–45. [11]
Italy experienced a short-term growth in birth rates. [5] The total fertility rate temporarily rose from an all-time low of 1.18 children per woman in 1995 to 1.46 in 2010. [ 6 ] Since then, fertility rates have resumed their decline, to reach a low of 1.24 in 2022.
The population growth rate estimates (according to the United Nations Population Prospects 2019) between 2015 and 2020 [1] ... Italy *-0.11: 2023-0.3: 0.31-0.08
Estimating population sizes before censuses were conducted is a difficult task. [1] ... Rome: Italy 4,440 [96] 24,400–40,000 [96] [97] 27,200 28,960 [97] Sais: Egypt
Italy had numerous urban centres – over 400 are listed by Pliny the Elder – but the majority were small, with populations of just a few thousand. As much as 40% of the population might have lived in towns (25% if the city of Rome is excluded), on the face of it an astonishingly high level of urbanisation for a pre-industrial society.
1 World population estimates (1 C.E.) and growth rates (till 1000 C.E.) with 20 current countries 2 Alternative Estimates of the Regional Components of World Population, 1 C.E. (in thousands) 3 See also
UN estimates (as of 2017) for world population by continent in 2000 and in 2050 (pie chart size to scale) Asia Africa Europe Central/South America North America Oceania. Population estimates for world regions based on Maddison (2007), [29] in millions. The row showing total world population includes the average growth rate per year over the ...
Additionally, 372 Vatican citizens live abroad, primarily diplomats of the Holy See and cardinals in Rome. [1] Vatican City remains the world’s smallest country in both land area and population size. [3] The population of Vatican City includes clergy, religious members, lay employees of the state (like the Swiss Guard), and their families. [4]