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Infobox references. Chitosan / ˈkaɪtəsæn / is a linear polysaccharide composed of randomly distributed β- (1→4)-linked D -glucosamine (deacetylated unit) and N -acetyl- D -glucosamine (acetylated unit). It is made by treating the chitin shells of shrimp and other crustaceans with an alkaline substance, such as sodium hydroxide. [1][2]
Chitin (C 8 H 13 O 5 N) n (/ ˈkaɪtɪn / KY-tin) is a long-chain polymer of N -acetylglucosamine, an amide derivative of glucose. Chitin is the second most abundant polysaccharide in nature (behind only cellulose); an estimated 1 billion tons of chitin are produced each year in the biosphere. [1] It is a primary component of cell walls in ...
creosote bush, gobernadora, larreastat [4] Larrea tridentata, Larrea divaricata[4] Liver damage, [3][4][5] kidney problems, [4] Hypotension in cancer patients [3] Chinese herbal mixtures. Heavy metal poisoning [5] Coltsfoot. coughwort, farfarae folium leaf, foalswort [4] Tussilago farfara.
Isomaltooligosaccharide (IMO) is a mixture of short-chain carbohydrates which has a digestion-resistant property. IMO is found naturally in some foods, as well as being manufactured commercially. The raw material used for manufacturing IMO is starch, which is enzymatically converted into a mixture of isomaltooligosaccharides.
These side effects may occur in as many as 90% of men treated with bicalutamide monotherapy, [29] but gynecomastia is generally reported to occur in 70 to 80% of patients. [30] In the EPC trial, at a median follow-up of 7.4 years, breast pain and gynecomastia respectively occurred in 73.6% and 68.8% of men treated with 150 mg/day bicalutamide ...
Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is an iatrogenic disorder that results in involuntary repetitive body movements, which may include grimacing, sticking out the tongue or smacking the lips, [1] which occurs following treatment with medication. [6][7] Additional motor symptoms include chorea or athetosis. [1] In about 20% of people with TD, the disorder ...
Biperiden. Biperiden, sold under the brand name Akineton among others, is a medication used to treat Parkinson disease, certain drug-induced movement disorders [2] and Tourette Syndrome [citation needed]. It is not recommended for tardive dyskinesias. [3] It is taken by mouth, injection into a vein, or muscle. [2][3]
Uncommon side effects are nausea and vomiting. In sensitive individuals, such as the elderly or people with reduced kidney function, excess lactulose dosage can result in dehydration and electrolyte disturbances such as low magnesium levels. Ingestion of lactulose does not cause a weight gain because it is not digestible, with no nutritional value.