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An OTDR. An optical time-domain reflectometer (OTDR) is an optoelectronic instrument used to characterize an optical fiber.It is the optical equivalent of an electronic time domain reflectometer which measures the impedance of the cable or transmission line under test.
So they are largely used for single-mode fiber testing at 1270 - 1650 nm. An important part of an optical power meter sensor, is the fiber optic connector interface. Careful optical design is required to avoid significant accuracy problems when used with the wide variety of fiber types and connectors typically encountered.
The equivalent device for optical fiber is an optical time-domain reflectometer. Time-domain transmissometry (TDT) is an analogous technique that measures the transmitted (rather than reflected) impulse. Together, they provide a powerful means of analysing electrical or optical transmission media such as coaxial cable and optical fiber.
In contrast to OTDR technology, the optical energy is spread over a code rather than packed into a single pulse. Thus a light source with lower peak power compared to OTDR technology can be used, e.g. long life compact semiconductor lasers.
For a single mode fiber operating at 1550 nm, a typical attenuation is 0.2 dB/km. [1] Since the light must make a double pass along each section of fiber, this means each 1 km causes a total loss of 0.4 dB. The maximum range of the system occurs when the amplitude of the reflected pulse becomes so low it is impossible to obtain a clear signal ...
A variation of the cutback technique is the substitution method, in which measurements are made on a full-length of fiber, and then on a short length of fiber having the same characteristics (core size, numerical aperture), with the results from the short length being subtracted to give the results for the full length.
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