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The Great Chicago Fire was a conflagration that burned in the American city of Chicago during October 8–10, 1871. The fire killed approximately 300 people, destroyed roughly 3.3 square miles (9 km 2) of the city including over 17,000 structures, and left more than 100,000 residents homeless. [3]
The Carrington Event was the most intense geomagnetic storm in recorded history, peaking on 1–2 September 1859 during solar cycle 10.It created strong auroral displays that were reported globally and caused sparking and even fires in telegraph stations. [1]
The solar wind also carries with it the Sun's magnetic field. This field will have either a North or South orientation. If the solar wind has energetic bursts, contracting and expanding the magnetosphere, or if the solar wind takes a southward polarization , geomagnetic storms can be expected.
A negative Dst index means that Earth's magnetic field is weakened—particularly the case during solar storms—with a more negative Dst index indicating a stronger solar storm. A paper in 2019 estimated that the May 1921 geomagnetic storm had a peak Dst of −907±132 nT.
The summer of 1871 saw a prolonged drought.A report from the National Weather Service in Chicago stated that "leaves had started dropping as early as July." Only 134 mm of rain had fallen in Chicago compared to the average of more than 230 mm. Lansing, Michigan, reported 70% of the average and Thunder Bay, Michigan, reported just 64%.
The ferocious wildfires turning the Los Angeles area into a raging inferno are being fueled by "hurricane force" Santa Ana winds that have already prompted the evacuation of tens of thousands of ...
In Massachusetts, at least 47 active brush fires have been reported, the state's department of fire services said in a statement Monday, adding that 18 were reported in a 24-hour period.
Date Solar cycle Active region Time Notes Start Max End 1 >X28+ 2003-11-04 23 10486 19:29 19:53 20:06 Associated with the 2003 Halloween solar storms: 2 X20 2001-04-02 23 9393 21:32 21:51 22:03 3 X17.2 2003-10-28 23 10486 09:51 11:10 11:24 Associated with the 2003 Halloween solar storms 4 X17 2005-09-07 23 10808 17:17 17:40 18:03 5 X14.4