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Executive Order 13175, "Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments," was issued by U.S. President Bill Clinton on November 6, 2000. [1] This executive order required federal departments and agencies to consult with Indian tribal governments when considering policies that would impact tribal communities. [2]
The history of independent tribal courts is complex and has been shaped by the federal government's policies towards Native American tribes. [5] The establishment of independent tribal courts was a result of the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, which aimed to promote tribal self-government and to preserve Native American culture and traditions. [6]
The 1968 Indian Civil Rights Act limited tribal punishment to one year in jail and a $5,000 fine, [25] but this was expanded by the Tribal Law and Order Act of 2010. While tribal nations do not enjoy direct access to U.S. courts to bring cases against individual states, as sovereign nations they do enjoy immunity against many lawsuits, [26 ...
The governor turned down two measures aimed at mandating independent redistricting for Los Angeles. But the City Council is pushing ahead with such a plan.
Melissa L. Tatum, Research Professor of Law and associate director of the Indigenous Peoples Law and Policy Program at the University of Arizona's James E. Rogers College of Law Charlene Teters ( Spokane ), artist, educator, editor, and founding boardmember of the National Coalition on Racism in Sports and the Media
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Department of Interior v. Klamath Water Users Protective Assn., 532 U.S. 1 (2001), was a United States Supreme Court case decided in 2001. The case concerned whether Exemption 5 of the Freedom of Information Act, which applies to "intra agency memoranda or letters", is applicable to documents within the Department of the Interior which discussed plans for the allocation of water in the Klamath ...
Tribal councils were components of many tribal governments predating colonization by the United States. The Cheyenne maintain a Council of Forty-four created by the prophet Sweet Medicine which continues today works in tandem with the elected, secular governments of the Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes and Northern Cheyenne Tribe of the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation.