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In geometry and mechanics, a displacement is a vector whose length is the shortest distance from the initial to the final position of a point P undergoing motion. [1] It quantifies both the distance and direction of the net or total motion along a straight line from the initial position to the final position of the point trajectory .
A set of equations describing the trajectories of objects subject to a constant gravitational force under normal Earth-bound conditions.Assuming constant acceleration g due to Earth's gravity, Newton's law of universal gravitation simplifies to F = mg, where F is the force exerted on a mass m by the Earth's gravitational field of strength g.
There are two main descriptions of motion: dynamics and kinematics.Dynamics is general, since the momenta, forces and energy of the particles are taken into account. In this instance, sometimes the term dynamics refers to the differential equations that the system satisfies (e.g., Newton's second law or Euler–Lagrange equations), and sometimes to the solutions to those equations.
As shown above in the Displacement section, the horizontal and vertical velocity of a projectile are independent of each other. Because of this, we can find the time to reach a target using the displacement formula for the horizontal velocity:
The displacement of rock layers can provide information on how and why Earth's lithosphere changes throughout geologic time. [1] There are different mechanisms which lead to vertical displacement such as tectonic activity, and isostatic adjustments. Tectonic activity leads to vertical displacement when crust is rearranged during a seismic event.
Neglecting the curvature of the earth, horizontal and vertical motions of a projectile moving under gravity are independent of each other. [11] Vertical displacement of a projectile is not affected by the horizontal component of the launch velocity, and, conversely, the horizontal displacement is unaffected by the vertical component.
For example, a point on a horizontal beam can undergo both a vertical displacement and a rotation relative to its undeformed axis. When there are degrees of freedom a matrix must be used to describe the stiffness at the point. The diagonal terms in the matrix are the direct-related stiffnesses (or simply stiffnesses) along the same degree of ...
The animations below depict the motion of a simple (frictionless) pendulum with increasing amounts of initial displacement of the bob, or equivalently increasing initial velocity. The small graph above each pendulum is the corresponding phase plane diagram; the horizontal axis is displacement and the vertical axis is velocity. With a large ...