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Curvature is usually measured in radius of curvature.A small circle can be easily laid out by just using radius of curvature, but degree of curvature is more convenient for calculating and laying out the curve if the radius is as large as a kilometer or mile, as is needed for large scale works like roads and railroads.
Rankine's method or tangential angle method is an angular technique for laying out circular curves by a combination of chaining and angles at circumference, fully exploiting the theodolite and making a substantial improvement in accuracy and productivity over existing methods. This method requires access to only one road/path of communication ...
The Hallade survey is a survey method that uses the same principle to measure the versines along an existing curve. Based on the versine values, the radius of that circular curved track can be approximated to: [4] This method can be done manually, and this method is still used in the UK.
Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects ... This is a list of Wikipedia articles about curves used in different fields: mathematics (including ...
These spiral curves can be approximately calculated using exsecants and versines. [15] [16] Solving the same types of problems is required when surveying circular sections of canals [17] and roads, and the exsecant was still used in mid-20th century books about road surveying. [18]
The third type is reverse curve which comprises two or more simple curves that has the opposite direction of curvature (sometime known as "S" curve or serpentine curve). [ 3 ] [ 4 ] In Australia, there is a special definition for a bend (or a horizontal bend ) which is a connection between two tangent tracks at almost 180 degrees (with ...
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A double-end Euler spiral. The curve continues to converge to the points marked, as t tends to positive or negative infinity. An Euler spiral is a curve whose curvature changes linearly with its curve length (the curvature of a circular curve is equal to the reciprocal of the radius). This curve is also referred to as a clothoid or Cornu spiral.