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The Fades Viaduct is located close to Les Ancizes-Comps, in the Auvergne region, between the communes of Sauret-Besserve and Les Ancizes-Comps. It spans across the river Sioule. Its construction began on 28 October 1901. From 14 to 16 September 1909 it passed the performance tests, The Fades Viaduct has monumental piers of quarried granite.
Fades viaduct – The tallest traditional masonry piers ever built (92 m). Until the advent of concrete and the use of cast iron and then steel, bridges were made of masonry. Roman bridges were sturdy, semicircular, and rested on thick piers, with a width equal to about half the span of the vault. [2]
The viaduct in 1883. Only the capping is in ashlar. "The bands of the arches, as well as the corners of the piers, abutments, and buttresses, are in smoothed rubble, [nb 2] while the other visible facings are in stubbed rubble. [nb 3] Double chiseling is used along the edges to define the lines and ensure accuracy". [12]
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The piers of the viaduct were constructed of tubular steel, filled with concrete. [7] As built, the viaduct did not have the strengthening spars running horizontally through the piers; these were added in eight years after opening, with some stating that it was a reaction to the Tay Bridge disaster. [8]
The bridge was too high to be built with a crane. 6,200 tonnes of steel were built, with 22,000 cubic metres of concrete for the five concrete piers. Groupe Razel built the concrete piers. [3] The steelwork was built by Société d'études R. Foucault et Associés (SERF) of Cergy in Paris (Île-de-France). Construction finished in January 2002. [4]
On the north side of the river, the bridge is approached by a 49-arch viaduct and a short embankment followed by 16 arches. From the south, it is approached by a 33-arch viaduct. [15] The viaduct piers, bridge abutments and the bridge's central piers are of sandstone and the viaduct arches are of brick. [9]