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Acanthocyte-like cells may be found in hypothyroidism, after splenectomy, and in myelodysplasia. [ 12 ] Acanthocytes should be distinguished from echinocytes , which are also called 'burr cells', which although crenated are dissimilar in that they have multiple, small, projecting spiculations at regular intervals on the cell membrane.
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of echinocytes Echinocyte compared to other forms of poikilocytosis. Echinocyte (from the Greek word echinos, meaning 'hedgehog' or 'sea urchin'), in human biology and medicine, refers to a form of red blood cell that has an abnormal cell membrane characterized by many small, evenly spaced thorny projections.
Pathological and histological images courtesy of Ed Uthman at flickr. Date: 10 August 2009, 13:43: Source: Acanthocytes, Peripheral Blood: ... Acanthocyte; Global ...
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The crenations may be either large, irregular spicules of acanthocytes, or smaller, more numerous, regularly irregular projections of echinocytes. [3] Acanthocytes and echinocytes may arise from abnormalities of the cell membrane lipids or proteins, or from other disease processes, or as an ex vivo artifact .
Poikilocytosis may be diagnosed with a test called a blood smear.During a blood smear, a medical technologist/clinical lab scientist spreads a thin layer of blood on a microscope slide and stains the blood to help differentiate the cells.
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Polychromasia is a disorder where there is an abnormally high number of immature red blood cells found in the bloodstream as a result of being prematurely released from the bone marrow during blood formation (poly- refers to many, and -chromasia means color.)