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Human occupation of Rwanda is thought to have begun shortly after the last ice age.By the 11th century, [1] the inhabitants had organized into a number of kingdoms. In the 19th century, Mwami Rwabugiri of the Kingdom of Rwanda conducted a decades-long process of military conquest and administrative consolidation that resulted in the kingdom coming to control most of what is now Rwanda.
The Kingdom of Rwanda was a Bantu kingdom in modern-day Rwanda, which grew to be ruled by a Tutsi monarchy. [1] It was one of the oldest and the most centralized kingdoms in Central and East Africa. [2] It was later annexed under German and Belgian colonial rule while retaining some of its autonomy.
Rwanda is occupied by Belgian forces. 1922: 20 July: Rwanda-Urundi are joined as a League of Nations mandate, governed by Belgium. [1] 1933: All citizens in Rwanda-Urundi are issued with an identity card defining their ethnicity. 1943: Famine affects the region. 1945: Rwanda-Urundi becomes a United Nations Trust Territory. 1957: The Hutu ...
This article contains a list of kings of Rwanda. The Kingdom of Rwanda was ruled by sovereigns titled mwami (plural abami), and was one of the oldest and the most centralized kingdoms in the history of Central and East Africa. Its state and affairs before King Gihanga I are largely unconfirmed and highly shrouded in mythical tales.
Map of Rwanda. Map of Kigali (1942). This article lists the colonial residents of Rwanda , during the time when modern-day Rwanda was part of German East Africa and Ruanda-Urundi .
Belgian economic policies also further increased the ethnic divide between Tutsis and Hutus. Colonial elites appropriated large land grants to Tutsis, and displaced formerly wealthy Hutu landowners. The Belgians strengthened the feudal arrangement of Rwanda's pre-colonial past by forcing Hutus to work on lands owned by Tutsis.
The colonial scholars who found complex societies in sub-Saharan Africa developed the Hamitic hypothesis. The now rejected hypothesis posits that the Tutsi were of Hamitic stock whom originated from the Horn of Africa, and subsequently conquered Rwanda and brought civilization to the region. [citation needed]
Modern relations between the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and Rwanda have origins that date back to the European colonial era.Sharing a border that is 221 km (137.32 mi) in length, [2] the two countries were both colonial possessions of Belgium between 1919 and 1960, and were impacted by the two world wars.