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Operation Desert (German: Unternehmen Wüste) was a German synthetic fuel project during World War II.It attempted to build a shale oil industrial production complex for utilization of Swabian Alb oil shale deposits (Posidonia Shale).
Allied bombing of the oil campaign targets of World War II included attacks on Nazi Germany oil refineries, synthetic oil plants, storage depots, and other chemical works. . Natural oil was available in Northwestern Germany at Nienhagen [1] (55%—300,000 tons per year), [2] Rietberg (20%—300,000), and Heide (300,000) and refineries were mainly at Hamburg and Ha
The Allied oil campaign of World War II [4]: 11 was an aerial bombing campaign conducted by the RAF and the USAAF against facilities supplying Nazi Germany with petroleum, oil, and lubrication (POL) products. It formed part of the immense Allied strategic bombing effort during the war.
After Allied bombing of Germany's synthetic-fuel production plants (especially in May to June 1944), the Geilenberg Special Staff used 350,000 mostly foreign forced-laborers to reconstruct the bombed synthetic-oil plants, [23]: 210, 224 and, in an emergency decentralization program, the Mineralölsicherungsplan (1944-1945), to build 7 ...
Coal liquefaction was an important part of Adolf Hitler's four-year plan of 1936, and became an integral part of German industry during World War II. [4] During the mid-1930s, companies like IG Farben and Ruhrchemie initiated industrial production of synthetic fuels derived from coal. This led to the construction of twelve DCL plants using ...
On March 1, Germany launched the last major German offensive of World War II (Operation Frühlingserwachen) to retake Budapest and the Nagykanizsa oil fields south of Lake Balaton. March 2, 1945: Speer ordered that Nitrogen plants were to be repaired before the hydrogenation plants. March 2, 1945: Chemnitz Mission 859: 255 B-17s bombed Chemnitz.
Towards the end of World War II the United States began heavily financing research into converting coal to gasoline, including money to build a series of pilot plants. The project was enormously helped by captured German technology. [8] One plant using the Bergius process was built in Louisiana, Missouri and began operation about 1946. Located ...
In June 1944, the United States Army Air Forces considered Blechhammer one of the four "principal synthetic oil plants in Germany", [18] and after the Fifteenth Air Force had dropped 7,082 tons (14,164,000 lbs; 6,424 tonnes) of bombs on Blechhammer, the Blechhammer plants were dismantled post-war by the Soviets.