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Obstetric ultrasonography, or prenatal ultrasound, is the use of medical ultrasonography in pregnancy, in which sound waves are used to create real-time visual images of the developing embryo or fetus in the uterus (womb).
Medical ultrasound includes diagnostic techniques (mainly imaging techniques) using ultrasound, as well as therapeutic applications of ultrasound. In diagnosis, it is used to create an image of internal body structures such as tendons, muscles, joints, blood vessels, and internal organs, to measure some characteristics (e.g., distances and velocities) or to generate an informative audible sound.
It is typically diagnosed by ultrasound when the amniotic fluid index (AFI) measures less than 5 cm or when the single deepest pocket (SDP) of amniotic fluid measures less than 2 cm. [1] Amniotic fluid is necessary to allow for normal fetal movement, lung development, and cushioning from uterine compression. [2]
During the second and third trimesters, there is some evidence to support the absence of risk, including a retrospective study of 1737 prenatally exposed children, showing no significant difference in hearing, motor skills, or functional measures after a mean follow-up time of 2 years.
Ultrasound is used to diagnose multiple gestation, which cannot be diagnosed based on the presence of hCG in urine or blood. [15] Determination of the gestational age of the embryo / fetus is an additional benefit of ultrasound compared to hCG tests.
The anomaly scan, also sometimes called the anatomy scan, 20-week ultrasound, or level 2 ultrasound, evaluates anatomic structures of the fetus, placenta, and maternal pelvic organs. This scan is an important and common component of routine prenatal care . [ 1 ]
A pregnant cat will look for a warm, secluded place and will paw at bedding and move around to make herself comfortable on it more than usual. These are all good signs of pregnancy, especially in ...
to diagnose acute appendicitis [1] to diagnose and manage gynecologic problems including endometriosis, leiomyoma, adenomyosis, ovarian cysts and lesions, to identify adnexal masses, including ectopic pregnancy, to diagnose gynecologic cancer; in infertility treatments to track the response of ovarian follicles to fertility medication (i.e ...