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In orthodontics, a malocclusion is a misalignment or incorrect relation between the teeth of the upper and lower dental arches when they approach each other as the jaws close. The English-language term dates from 1864; [ 1 ] Edward Angle (1855–1930), the "father of modern orthodontics", [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ need quotation to verify ] popularised it.
Open bite is a type of orthodontic malocclusion which has been estimated to occur in 0.6% of the people in the United States. This type of malocclusion has no vertical overlap or contact between the anterior incisors. [1] The term "open bite" was coined by Carevelli in 1842 as a distinct classification of malocclusion.
Retrognathia is a type of malocclusion which refers to an abnormal posterior positioning of the maxilla [1] or mandible, [2] particularly the mandible, relative to the facial skeleton and soft tissues. [3] A retrognathic mandible is commonly referred to as an overbite, though this terminology is not used medically.
Handicapping malocclusion assessment record (HMAR) was created by Salzmann JA in 1968. It was created to establish needs for treatment of handicapping malocclusion according to severity presented by magnitude of the score when assessing the malocclusion. [17] The assessment can be made either directly from the oral cavity or from available casts.
The approximate worldwide prevalence of malocclusion was as high as 56%. [3] However, conclusive scientific evidence for the health benefits of orthodontic treatment is lacking, although patients with completed treatment have reported a higher quality of life than that of untreated patients undergoing orthodontic treatment.
Molar distalization is a process in the field of Orthodontics which is used to move molar teeth, especially permanent first molars, distally (backwards) in an arch.This procedure is often used in treatment of patients who have Class 2 malocclusion. [1]
An equine malocclusion is a misalignment between the upper and lower jaws of a horse or other equine. It results in a faulty bite with the upper and lower teeth failing to meet correctly. [ 1 ] Malocclusions can cause pain to the horse and may also lead to weight loss and other eating problems related to poor chewing or loss of appetite.
In dentistry, crossbite is a form of malocclusion where a tooth (or teeth) has a more buccal or lingual position (that is, the tooth is either closer to the cheek or to the tongue) than its corresponding antagonist tooth in the upper or lower dental arch. In other words, crossbite is a lateral misalignment of the dental arches. [1] [2]