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3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase deficiency was initially reported in 1976, [16] and the gene was discovered and cloned in 1993. [17] The first case in the literature was published in Western Australia in 1976, with usual findings of hypoglycemia and acidosis .
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase (or HMG-CoA lyase) is an enzyme (EC 4.1.3.4 that in human is encoded by the HMGCL gene located on chromosome 1. It is a key enzyme in ketogenesis (ketone body formation). It is a ketogenic enzyme in the liver that catalyzes the formation of acetoacetate from HMG-CoA within the mitochondria.
2,4 Dienoyl-CoA Reductase Deficiency; Electron Transfer Flavoprotein (ETF) Dehydrogenase Deficiency (GA-II/MADD) 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase deficiency (HMG deficiency) Very long-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency (VLCAD deficiency) Long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency (LCHAD deficiency)
3-hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine is also elevated in other metabolism disorders such as 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase deficiency, biotinidase deficiency, multiple carboxylase deficiency, mitochondrial acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase deficiency and malonic aciduria. 3-Methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency is differentiated by the lack of other ...
The systematic name of this enzyme class is acetyl-CoA:acetoacetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing, carboxymethyl-forming).Other names in common use include (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA acetoacetyl-CoA-lyase, (CoA-acetylating), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA synthetase, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthetase, 3 ...
HMG-CoA reductase (3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, official symbol HMGCR) is the rate-controlling enzyme (NADH-dependent, EC 1.1.1.88; NADPH-dependent, EC 1.1.1.34) of the mevalonate pathway, the metabolic pathway that produces cholesterol and other isoprenoids.
Numerous genetic disorders are caused by errors in fatty acid metabolism.These disorders may be described as fatty oxidation disorders or as a lipid storage disorders, and are any one of several inborn errors of metabolism that result from enzyme defects affecting the ability of the body to oxidize fatty acids in order to produce energy within muscles, liver, and other cell types.
This gene provides instructions for producing 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase, an enzyme that is involved in processing the amino acid leucine. This amino acid is broken down in the mitochondria during the process of energy production. A deficiency of this enzyme leads to a buildup of 3-methylglutaconic acid, which is eliminated in the urine.