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  2. Numeric precision in Microsoft Excel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numeric_precision_in...

    Although Excel nominally works with 8-byte numbers by default, VBA has a variety of data types. The Double data type is 8 bytes, the Integer data type is 2 bytes, and the general purpose 16 byte Variant data type can be converted to a 12 byte Decimal data type using the VBA conversion function CDec. [12]

  3. Shrinkage (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shrinkage_(statistics)

    But the adjustment formula yields an artificial shrinkage. A shrinkage estimator is an estimator that, either explicitly or implicitly, incorporates the effects of shrinkage. In loose terms this means that a naive or raw estimate is improved by combining it with other information.

  4. Sample size determination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sample_size_determination

    The table shown on the right can be used in a two-sample t-test to estimate the sample sizes of an experimental group and a control group that are of equal size, that is, the total number of individuals in the trial is twice that of the number given, and the desired significance level is 0.05. [4]

  5. Scott's rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scott's_Rule

    Scott's rule is widely employed in data analysis software including R, [2] Python [3] and Microsoft Excel where it is the default bin selection method. [ 4 ] For a set of n {\displaystyle n} observations x i {\displaystyle x_{i}} let f ^ ( x ) {\displaystyle {\hat {f}}(x)} be the histogram approximation of some function f ( x ) {\displaystyle f ...

  6. Hamming distance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamming_distance

    For a fixed length n, the Hamming distance is a metric on the set of the words of length n (also known as a Hamming space), as it fulfills the conditions of non-negativity, symmetry, the Hamming distance of two words is 0 if and only if the two words are identical, and it satisfies the triangle inequality as well: [2] Indeed, if we fix three words a, b and c, then whenever there is a ...

  7. Variable-width encoding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable-width_encoding

    [1] [a] Most common variable-width encodings are multibyte encodings (aka MBCS – multi-byte character set), which use varying numbers of bytes to encode different characters. (Some authors, notably in Microsoft documentation, use the term multibyte character set, which is a misnomer , because representation size is an attribute of the ...

  8. Help:Convert messages - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Convert_messages

    Template talk:Convert • Questions on using the convert template, or discussion of any problems encountered Wikipedia:Help desk • General questions Module talk:Convert • Discussion concerning the convert modules

  9. Character large object - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Character_large_object

    It is a collection of character data in a database management system, usually stored in a separate location that is referenced in the table itself. Oracle and IBM Db2 provide a construct explicitly named CLOB, [ 1 ] [ 2 ] and the majority of other database systems support some form of the concept, often labeled as text , memo or long character ...