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The human abdomen is divided into quadrants and regions by anatomists and physicians for the purposes of study, diagnosis, and treatment. [1] [2] The division into four quadrants allows the localisation of pain and tenderness, scars, lumps, and other items of interest, narrowing in on which organs and tissues may be involved.
The ribs are the bony structure that makes up the thorax, or the region of the body between the neck and the abdomen, Dr. John Vasudevan, associate professor of physical medicine and ...
The regions are the left and right hypochondriac regions, so named because they lie under the ribs; the epigastric region which is approximately where the stomach is located between the hypochondriac regions; the right and left lumbar regions which flank the umbilical region (which surrounds the umbilicus, or belly button), the right and left ...
In vertebrates, the abdomen is a large body cavity enclosed by the abdominal muscles, at the front and to the sides, and by part of the vertebral column at the back. Lower ribs can also enclose ventral and lateral walls. The abdominal cavity is continuous with, and above, the pelvic cavity. It is attached to the thoracic cavity by the diaphragm.
The cranial region includes the upper part of the head while the; facial region includes the lower half of the head beginning below the ears. The forehead is referred to as the frontal region. The eyes are referred to as the orbital or ocular region. The cheeks are referred to as the buccal region. The ears are referred to as the auricle or ...
The flank or latus is the side of the body between the rib cage and the iliac bone of the hip (below the rib cage and above the ilium). [ 1 ] It is sometimes called the lumbar region.
The first seven pairs are connected with the sternum; the next three are each articulated with the lower border of the cartilage of the preceding rib; the last two have pointed extremities, which end in the wall of the abdomen. [2] Like the ribs, the costal cartilages vary in their length, breadth, and direction. They increase in length from ...
The costal margin is the medial margin formed by the cartilages of the seventh to tenth ribs. It attaches to the body and xiphoid process of the sternum. [2] The thoracic diaphragm attaches to the costal margin. [3] The costal angle is the angle between the left and right costal margins where they join the sternum. [2]