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The main manifestations of peritonitis are acute abdominal pain, abdominal tenderness, abdominal guarding, rigidity, which are exacerbated by moving the peritoneum, e.g., coughing (forced cough may be used as a test), flexing one's hips, or eliciting the Blumberg's sign (meaning that pressing a hand on the abdomen elicits less pain than ...
Blumberg's sign (also referred to as rebound tenderness or Shchetkin–Blumberg's sign) is a clinical sign in which there is pain upon removal of pressure rather than application of pressure to the abdomen. (The latter is referred to simply as abdominal tenderness.) It is indicative of peritonitis.
A cul-de-sac hernia (also termed a peritoneocele) is a herniation of peritoneal folds into the rectovaginal septum (in females), [2] or the rectovesical septum (in males). The herniated structure is the recto-uterine pouch (pouch of Douglas) in females, [2] or the rectovesical pouch in males.
The most common symptoms of a peritoneal inclusion cyst are persistent abdominal or pelvic pain and a subjectively palpable abdominal mass. [2] Often, a physical examination reveals no palpable mass in the abdomen or pelvis. [3] The symptoms can last for days or months at a time. [4]
An abdominal examination is a portion of the physical examination which a physician or nurse uses to clinically observe the abdomen of a patient for signs of disease. The abdominal examination is conventionally split into four different stages: first, inspection of the patient and the visible characteristics of their abdomen.
Markle's sign, or jar tenderness, is a clinical sign in which pain in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen is elicited by the heel-drop test (dropping to the heels, from standing on the toes, with a jarring landing). It is found in patients with localised peritonitis due to acute appendicitis. [1]
Guarding is a characteristic finding in the physical examination for an abruptly painful abdomen (an acute abdomen) with inflammation of the inner abdominal (peritoneal) surface due, for example, to appendicitis or diverticulitis. The tensed muscles of the abdominal wall automatically go into spasm to keep the tender underlying tissues from ...
A pelvic examination is the physical examination of the external and internal female pelvic organs. [1] It is frequently used in gynecology for the evaluation of symptoms affecting the female reproductive and urinary tract , such as pain, bleeding, discharge, urinary incontinence , or trauma (e.g. sexual assault).