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  2. Scanning tunneling microscope - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scanning_tunneling_microscope

    The simplest model of tunneling between the sample and the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope is that of a rectangular potential barrier. [ 15 ] [ 5 ] An electron of energy E is incident upon an energy barrier of height U , in the region of space of width w .

  3. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scanning_tunneling...

    For scanning tunneling spectroscopy the scanning tunneling microscope is used to measure the number of electrons (the LDOS) as a function of the electron energy. The electron energy is set by the electrical potential difference (voltage) between the sample and the tip. The location is set by the position of the tip.

  4. Scanning electron microscope - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scanning_electron_microscope

    An account of the early history of scanning electron microscopy has been presented by McMullan. [2] [3] Although Max Knoll produced a photo with a 50 mm object-field-width showing channeling contrast by the use of an electron beam scanner, [4] it was Manfred von Ardenne who in 1937 invented [5] a microscope with high resolution by scanning a very small raster with a demagnified and finely ...

  5. Scanning transmission electron microscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scanning_transmission...

    A scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) is a type of transmission electron microscope (TEM). Pronunciation is [stɛm] or [ɛsti:i:ɛm]. As with a conventional transmission electron microscope (CTEM), images are formed by electrons passing through a sufficiently thin specimen. However, unlike CTEM, in STEM the electron beam is focused ...

  6. Spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin-polarized_scanning...

    The spin polarized scanning tunneling microscope is a versatile instrument which has gained tremendous attention due to its enhanced surface sensitivity and lateral resolution up to atomic scale, and can be used as an important tool to study ferromagnetic materials, such as dysprosium (Dy), quasi-2D thin films, nano islands and quasi-1D ...

  7. Electrochemical scanning tunneling microscope - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrochemical_scanning...

    The electrochemical scanning tunneling microscope (EC-STM) is a scanning tunneling microscope that measures the structures of surfaces and electrochemical reactions in solid-liquid interfaces at atomic or molecular scales. [1] [2] [3]

  8. Multi-tip scanning tunneling microscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-tip_scanning...

    Multi-tip scanning tunneling microscopy (Multi-tip STM) extends scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) from imaging to dedicated electrical measurements at the nanoscale like a ″multimeter at the nanoscale″. In materials science, nanoscience, and nanotechnology, it is desirable to measure electrical properties at a particular position of the ...

  9. Quantum tunnelling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_tunnelling

    Tunneling applications include the tunnel diode, [5] quantum computing, flash memory, and the scanning tunneling microscope. Tunneling limits the minimum size of devices used in microelectronics because electrons tunnel readily through insulating layers and transistors that are thinner than about 1 nm. [6]