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  2. Petroleum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum

    Petroleum [a] is a naturally occurring yellowish-black liquid mixture. It consists mainly of hydrocarbons, [1] and is found in geological formations.The term petroleum refers both to naturally occurring unprocessed crude oil, as well as to petroleum products that consist of refined crude oil.

  3. Abiogenic petroleum origin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiogenic_petroleum_origin

    The abiogenic petroleum origin hypothesis proposes that most of earth's petroleum and natural gas deposits were formed inorganically, commonly known as abiotic oil. [1] Scientific evidence overwhelmingly supports a biogenic origin for most of the world's petroleum deposits.

  4. Petroleum geology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum_geology

    Petroleum geology is the study of the origins, occurrence, movement, accumulation, and exploration of hydrocarbon fuels. It refers to the specific set of geological ...

  5. Petroleum geochemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum_geochemistry

    Petroleum is a non-renewable energy source (also known as a "fossil fuel"), so the efficacy of extraction and refining is important for its continued use; multiple techniques are used to detect and to extract crude oil, based on the source rock it is found in and the type of oil itself.

  6. Fossil fuel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossil_fuel

    A fossil fuel [a] is a carbon compound- or hydrocarbon-containing material [2] formed naturally in the Earth's crust from the buried remains of prehistoric organisms (animals, plants or planktons), a process that occurs within geological formations.

  7. Source rock - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Source_rock

    Source rocks are one of the necessary elements of a working petroleum system. They are organic-rich sediments that may have been deposited in a variety of environments including deep water marine, lacustrine and deltaic. Oil shale can be regarded as an organic-rich but immature source rock from which little or no oil has been generated and ...

  8. Petroleum reservoir - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum_reservoir

    A petroleum reservoir or oil and gas reservoir is a subsurface accumulation of hydrocarbons contained in porous or fractured rock formations. Such reservoirs form when kerogen (ancient plant matter) is created in surrounding rock by the presence of high heat and pressure in the Earth's crust .

  9. Fuel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel

    Extraction of petroleum. Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons, primarily coal and petroleum (liquid petroleum or natural gas), formed from the fossilized remains of ancient plants and animals [10] by exposure to high heat and pressure in the absence of oxygen in the Earth's crust over hundreds of millions of years. [11]