Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Unlike double-stranded DNA, RNA is usually a single-stranded molecule (ssRNA) [2] in many of its biological roles and consists of much shorter chains of nucleotides. [3] However, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) can form and (moreover) a single RNA molecule can, by complementary base pairing, form intrastrand double helixes, as in tRNA.
The nucleic acid is usually single-stranded RNA but it may be double-stranded (dsRNA). [2] Notable human diseases caused by RNA viruses include the common cold , influenza , SARS , MERS , COVID-19 , Dengue virus , hepatitis C , hepatitis E , West Nile fever , Ebola virus disease , rabies , polio , mumps , and measles .
For example, bacterial chromosomes, plasmids, mitochondrial DNA, and chloroplast DNA are usually circular double-stranded DNA molecules, while chromosomes of the eukaryotic nucleus are usually linear double-stranded DNA molecules. [15] Most RNA molecules are linear, single-stranded molecules, but both circular and branched molecules can result ...
Double-stranded RNA forms an A-type helical structure, unlike the common B-type conformation taken by double-stranded DNA molecules. The secondary structure of RNA consists of a single polynucleotide. Base pairing in RNA occurs when RNA folds between complementarity regions. Both single- and double-stranded regions are often found in RNA molecules.
Although most plasmids are double-stranded DNA molecules, some consist of single-stranded DNA, or predominantly double-stranded RNA. RNA plasmids are non-infectious extrachromosomal linear RNA replicons, both encapsidated and unencapsidated, which have been found in fungi and various plants, from algae to land plants. In many cases, however, it ...
microRNA. Pre-miRNA instead of Pri-miRNA in the first point of mechanism. Diagram of microRNA (miRNA) action with mRNA. Examples of miRNA stem-loops, with the mature miRNAs shown in red. MicroRNA (miRNA) are small, single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules containing 21 to 23 nucleotides. [1] Found in plants, animals and some viruses, miRNAs ...
RNA polymerase, assisted by one or more general transcription factors, then unwinds approximately 14 base pairs of DNA to form an RNA polymerase-promoter open complex. In the open complex, the promoter DNA is partly unwound and single-stranded. The exposed, single-stranded DNA is referred to as the "transcription bubble". [6]
A primary transcript is the single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) product synthesized by transcription of DNA, and processed to yield various mature RNA products such as mRNAs, tRNAs, and rRNAs. The primary transcripts designated to be mRNAs are modified in preparation for translation. For example, a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) is a type of ...