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Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary (Vietnamese: từ Hán Việt, Chữ Hán: 詞漢越, literally 'Chinese-Vietnamese words') is a layer of about 3,000 monosyllabic morphemes of the Vietnamese language borrowed from Literary Chinese with consistent pronunciations based on Middle Chinese. Compounds using these morphemes are used extensively in cultural ...
Vietnamese uses 22 letters of the ISO basic Latin alphabet.The 4 remaining letters aren't considered part of the Vietnamese alphabet although they are used to write loanwords, languages of other ethnic groups in the country based on Vietnamese phonetics to differentiate the meanings or even Vietnamese dialects, for example: dz or z for southerner pronunciation of v in standard Vietnamese.
Từ điển bách khoa Việt Nam (lit: Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Vietnam) is a state-sponsored Vietnamese-language encyclopedia that was first published in 1995. It has four volumes consisting of 40,000 entries, the final of which was published in 2005. [1] The encyclopedia was republished in 2011.
The initial consonant of all words whose orthographic form begins with n or l is /n/. The initial consonant of all words is /l/. In some words, the initial consonant corresponding to the letter n at the beginning of the spelling form of the word is /n/, with l being /l/, in some other words the sound corresponding to n is /l/, with l being /n/.
Some linguists have analyzed demonstratives as consisting of two (sub-syllabic) morphemes. Following this, the initial đ-indicates a nominal, n-a noun modifier, b-proportion, v-~s-manner, and the vowels -ây~-ay proximal/medial, -âu~-ao indefinite, and -o medial/distal. [24] However, the form kia is analyzed as consisting of only one morpheme.
Việt Nam sử lược (chữ Hán: 越南史略, French: Précis d'Histoire du Việt-Nam, lit. "Outline History of Vietnam"), was the first history text published in the Vietnamese language and the Vietnamese alphabet. It was compiled by Vietnamese historian Trần Trọng Kim.
An Nam quốc dịch ngữ 安南國譯語 records the pronunciations of 15th-century Vietnamese, such as for 天 (sky) - 雷 /luei/ representing blời (Modern Vietnamese: trời). [ 22 ] After the split from Muong around the end of the first millennium AD, the following stages of Vietnamese are commonly identified: [ 15 ]
Lĩnh Nam chích quái (嶺南摭怪) is a 14th-century Vietnamese semi-fictional work written in chữ Hán by Trần Thế Pháp. History of the Loss of Vietnam ( 越南亡國史 ), is a Vietnamese book written in chữ Hán, written by Phan Bội Châu while he was in Japan.