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Neuropsychology is a branch of psychology concerned with how a person's cognition and behavior are related to the brain and the rest of the nervous system. Professionals in this branch of psychology focus on how injuries or illnesses of the brain affect cognitive and behavioral functions.
In sum, a reason for the division between psychiatry and neurology was the distinction between mind or first-person experience and the brain. That this difference is taken to be artificial by proponents of mind/brain monism supports a merge between these specialties. [citation needed] These specialities are different but rely on each other.
Behavioral neurology is a subspecialty of neurology that studies the impact of neurological damage and disease upon behavior, memory, and cognition, and the treatment thereof. Two fields associated with behavioral neurology are neuropsychiatry and neuropsychology .
Clinical Neuropsychology is more focused on how the brain functions and understands behaviors. [13]) Yet both of these fields can be both applied to aiding and preventing mental disorders , alongside the diagnosing of brain disorders and assessing cognitive and mental behaviors.
Clinical neuropsychology focuses on the brain and goes back to the beginning of the 20th century. [5] As a clinician a clinical neuropsychologist offers their services by addressing three steps; assessment, diagnosis, and treatment. [5] The term clinical neuropsychologist was first made by Sir William Osler on April 16, 1913. [5]
Cognitive neuropsychology is a branch of cognitive psychology that aims to understand how the structure and function of the brain relates to specific psychological processes. Cognitive psychology is the science that looks at how mental processes are responsible for the cognitive abilities to store and produce new memories, produce language ...
A clinical neuropsychologist may specialise in using neuropsychological tests to detect and understand such deficits, and may be involved in the rehabilitation of an affected person. The discipline that studies neurocognitive deficits to infer normal psychological function is called cognitive neuropsychology.
Cognitive neuropsychiatry has also explored the difference between implicit and explicit cognition, especially in catatonic patients. For more information on the bridge between neuropsychiatry and philosophy see (e.g., Stein, Dan (1999). Philosophy, Psychiatry, & Psychology).