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Czech orthography is a system of rules for proper formal writing (orthography) in Czech.The earliest form of separate Latin script specifically designed to suit Czech was devised by Czech theologian and church reformist Jan Hus, the namesake of the Hussite movement, in one of his seminal works, De orthographia bohemica (On Bohemian orthography).
The Bible of Kralice (1579–1593), the first complete Czech translation of the Bible from the original languages by the Unity of the Brethren, became the pattern of the literary Czech language. The orthography was predominantly diacritic; the dot in soft consonants was replaced by the caron which was used in č, ď, ň, ř, ť, ž.
With the time goes on, the orthography was liberated from the relics of the Brethren orthography (Czech: bratrský pravopis). According to the etymology, si, zi or sy, zy came to be written, cy was replaced by ci. Antiqua was introduced instead of fractura in printing, and it led to the removal of the digraph ʃʃ and its replacement by the ...
De orthographia bohemica (English: On Bohemian Orthography) is a Latin work published between 1406 and 1412. It is attributed to Charles University rector and reformer Jan Hus. The book codified the Czech language's modern spelling and orthography and had decisive impact on the orthography of a number of other European languages.
Czech is closely related to Slovak, to the point of high mutual intelligibility, as well as to Polish to a lesser degree. [7] Czech is a fusional language with a rich system of morphology and relatively flexible word order. Its vocabulary has been extensively influenced by Latin and German.
In modern Czech orthography: explanatory notes. Hospodine pomiluj ny Hospodine, pomiluj ny, Jezu Kriste, pomiluj ny, ty Spase všeho míra, spasiž ny, i uslyšiž, Hospodine, hlasy nášě; daj nám všém, Hospodine, žizň a mír v zemi; žizň a mír v zemi.
Assimilation of voice is an important feature of Czech pronunciation. Voiced obstruents are, in certain circumstances, realized voiceless and vice versa. It is not represented in orthography, where more etymological principles are applied. Assimilation of voice applies in these circumstances:
The symbol originates with the 15th-century Czech alphabet that was introduced by the reforms of Jan Hus. [1] [2] From there, it was first adopted into the Croatian alphabet by Ljudevit Gaj in 1830 to represent the same sound, [3] and from there on into other orthographies, such as Latvian, [4] Lithuanian, [5] Slovak, [6] Slovene, Karelian, Sami, Veps and Sorbian.