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Corps badges in the American Civil War were originally worn by soldiers of the Union Army on the top of their army forage cap , left side of the hat, or over their left breast. The idea is attributed to Maj. Gen. Philip Kearny , who ordered the men in his division to sew a two-inch square of red cloth on their hats to avoid confusion on the ...
It was normally a civilian hat, of brown, gray, or black wool. This simple hat saw widespread use throughout the Confederate Armies, and even with U.S. Army personnel. Occasionally, the hat was adorned with insignia of the wearer's preference, and may have been pinned up for the drill in the use of the regular weapon of the time, the Rifled-musket.
A plate showing the uniform of a U.S. Army first sergeant, circa 1858, influenced by the French army. The military uniforms of the Union Army in the American Civil War were widely varied and, due to limitations on supply of wool and other materials, based on availability and cost of materials. [1]
[4] [better source needed] While both hat insignia and sleeve insignia were used here the primary indicator were shoulder straps. Only line officers wore those straps shown below as officers of various staff departments (medical, pay, engineering and naval construction) had separate ranks and different straps.
Spencer, John D. (2006) The American Civil War in the Indian Territory Osprey ISBN 978-1-84603-000-0; Emerson, William K. (1996) Encyclopedia of United States Army insignia and uniforms University of Oklahoma Press ISBN 978-0-8061-2622-7; Taschek, Karen. (2006) The Civil War Chelsea House ISBN 978-1-60413-381-3
A Hardee hat with infantry adornment; the brim on this hat at Gettysburg National Military Park is pinned on the right, inconsistent with regulations The Hardee hat , also known as the Model 1858 Dress Hat and sometimes nicknamed the " Jeff Davis ", was the regulation dress hat for enlisted men in the Union Army during the American Civil War .
The army was reorganized for the Civil War. On July 29, 1861 [ 6 ] the ranks of commissary sergeant, saddler sergeant, veterinary sergeant, hospital steward, company quartermaster sergeant and wagoner were added to the cavalry.
The forage cap became the most common form of cap worn by U.S. regulars and volunteers during the American Civil War, though it is most commonly associated with the eastern theater of the war, since western troops generally preferred broad-brimmed felt hats (see photos of Sherman's army parading through Washington D.C. at war's end).