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[46] [47] Amun, the foremost Egyptian deity during the Middle and New Kingdoms, also took on the role of Kamutef, and when he was in this form, Isis often acted as his consort. [45] Apis, a bull that was worshipped as a living god at Memphis, was said to be Isis's son, fathered by a form of Osiris known as Osiris-Apis.
The mysteries of Isis were religious initiation rites performed in the cult of the Egyptian goddess Isis in the Greco-Roman world. They were modeled on other mystery rites, particularly the Eleusinian mysteries in honor of the Greek goddesses Demeter and Persephone, and originated sometime between the third century BCE and the second century CE.
Amun – A creator god, Tutelary deity of the city of Thebes, and the preeminent deity in ancient Egypt during the New Kingdom [4] Anhur – A god of war and hunting [5] [6] [7] Anubis – The god of funerals, embalming and protector of the dead [8] Apis – A live Bull worshiped as a god at Memphis and seen as a manifestation of Ptah [9]
At the start of the story, Osiris rules Egypt, having inherited the kingship from his ancestors in a lineage stretching back to the creator of the world, Ra or Atum.His queen is Isis, who, along with Osiris and his murderer, Set, is one of the children of the earth god Geb and the sky goddess Nut.
In different eras, various gods were said to hold the highest position in divine society, including the solar deity Ra, the mysterious god Amun, and the mother goddess Isis. The highest deity was usually credited with the creation of the world and often connected with the life-giving power of the sun. Some scholars have argued, based in part on ...
Plutarch identified the goddess as "Athena, whom [the Egyptians] consider to be Isis." [1] Sais was the cult center of the goddess Neith, whom the Greeks compared to their goddess Athena. In Plutarch's time Isis was the preeminent goddess among ancient Egyptian deities, and was frequently syncretized with Neith, and he equates the two. [3]
Next, Shu and Tefnut coupled to produce the earth god Geb and the sky goddess Nut, who defined the limits of the world. [20] Geb and Nut in turn gave rise to four children, who represented the forces of life: Osiris, god of fertility and regeneration; Isis, goddess of motherhood; Set, the god of chaos; and Nephthys, the goddess of protection ...
[3] [4] In a few of these texts they are instead called the children of the god Atum, the god Geb, or the goddess Nut. [5] A passage in the Coffin Texts from the Middle Kingdom (c. 2055–1650 BC) says they are the offspring of the goddess Isis and a form of Horus known as Horus the Elder. [6]