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Haloperidol, sold under the brand name Haldol among others, is a typical antipsychotic medication. [9] Haloperidol is used in the treatment of schizophrenia , tics in Tourette syndrome , mania in bipolar disorder , delirium , agitation, acute psychosis , and hallucinations from alcohol withdrawal .
The first symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome are usually muscle cramps and tremors, fever, symptoms of autonomic nervous system instability such as unstable blood pressure, and sudden changes in mental status (agitation, delirium, or coma). Other possible symptoms include sweating, trouble swallowing, tremors, incontinence, and mutism.
Typical antipsychotics can be used to treat, e.g., schizophrenia or severe agitation. [5] Haloperidol, due to the availability of a rapid-acting injectable formulation and decades of use, remains the most commonly used antipsychotic for treating severe agitation in the emergency department setting. [5]
The IM formulations of these three atypical antipsychotics are considered to be at least as effective or even more effective than the IM administration of haloperidol alone or haloperidol with lorazepam [15] [16] [17] (which is the standard treatment of agitation in most hospitals) and the atypicals have a dramatically improved tolerability due ...
The most common typical antipsychotics associated with EPS are haloperidol and fluphenazine. [4] Atypical antipsychotics have lower D2 receptor affinity or higher serotonin 5-HT2A receptor affinity which lead to lower rates of EPS. [5] Other anti-dopaminergic drugs, like the antiemetic metoclopramide, can also result in extrapyramidal side ...
Haloperidol decanoate is provided in the form of 50 or 100 mg/mL oil solution of sesame oil and benzyl alcohol in ampoules or pre-filled syringes. [6] [7] [9] Its elimination half-life after multiple doses is 21 days. [10] [11] The medication is marketed in many countries throughout the world. [3] [12
A chemical restraint is a form of medical restraint in which a drug is used to restrict the freedom or movement of a patient or in some cases to sedate the patient. Chemical restraint is used in emergency, acute, and psychiatric settings to perform surgery or to reduce agitation, aggression or violent behaviours; [a] it may also be used to control or punish unruly behaviours. [2]
First-generation antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine, haloperidol, etc.), known as typical antipsychotics, were first introduced in the 1950s, and others were developed until the early 1970s. [12] Second-generation antipsychotics, known as atypical antipsychotics , arrived with the introduction of clozapine in the early 1970s followed by ...