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The optical microscope, also referred to as a light microscope, is a type of microscope that commonly uses visible light and a system of lenses to generate magnified images of small objects. Optical microscopes are the oldest design of microscope and were possibly invented in their present compound form in the 17th century.
Zacharias Janssen; also Zacharias Jansen or Sacharias Jansen; 1585 – pre-1632 [1]) was a Dutch spectacle-maker who lived most of his life in Middelburg.He is associated with the invention of the first optical telescope and/or the first truly compound microscope, but these claims (made 20 years after his death) may be fabrications put forward by his son.
Antonie Philips van Leeuwenhoek [note 2] FRS (/ ˈ ɑː n t ə n i v ɑː n ˈ l eɪ v ən h uː k,-h ʊ k / AHN-tə-nee vahn LAY-vən-hook, -huuk; Dutch: [ˈɑntoːni vɑn ˈleːu.ə(n)ˌɦuk] ⓘ; 24 October 1632 – 26 August 1723) was a Dutch microbiologist and microscopist in the Golden Age of Dutch science and technology.
c.1622: Drebbel presents his invention in Rome. 1624: Galileo improves on a compound microscope he sees in Rome and presents his occhiolino to Prince Federico Cesi, founder of the Accademia dei Lincei (in English, The Linceans). 1625: Francesco Stelluti and Federico Cesi publish Apiarium, the first account of observations using a compound ...
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723). The field of microscopy (optical microscopy) dates back to at least the 17th-century.Earlier microscopes, single lens magnifying glasses with limited magnification, date at least as far back as the wide spread use of lenses in eyeglasses in the 13th century [2] but more advanced compound microscopes first appeared in Europe around 1620 [3] [4] The ...
August Karl Johann Valentin Köhler (4 March 1866 – 12 March 1948) was a German professor and early staff member of Carl Zeiss AG in Jena, Germany.He is best known for his development of the microscopy technique of Köhler illumination, an important principle in optimizing microscopic resolution power by evenly illuminating the field of view.
[13] [14] Investigating optics – specifically light refraction – Hooke inferred a wave theory of light. [15] His is the first-recorded hypothesis of the cause of the expansion of matter by heat, [16] of air's composition by small particles in constant motion that thus generate its pressure, [17] and of heat as energy. [18]
The stereo, stereoscopic or dissecting microscope is an optical microscope variant designed for low magnification observation of a sample, typically using light reflected from the surface of an object rather than transmitted through it. The instrument uses two separate optical paths with two objectives and eyepieces to provide slightly ...