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London, like Rome, was founded on the point of the river where it was narrow enough to bridge and the strategic location of the city provided easy access to much of Europe. Early Roman London occupied a relatively small area, roughly equivalent to the size of Hyde Park. In around 60 AD, it was destroyed by the Iceni led by their queen Boudica ...
London stands on the River Thames in southeast England, at the head of a 50-mile (80 km) tidal estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a major settlement for nearly 2,000 years. [8] Its ancient core and financial centre, the City of London, was founded by the Romans as Londinium and has retained its medieval boundaries.
The Merchant Taylor's School is founded in the City of London by Sir Thomas White, Sir Richard Hilles, Emanuel Lucar and Stephen Hales, with Richard Mulcaster as first headmaster. [55] 1563 – Between June and October, the 1563 London plague outbreak kills over 20,000 people. [9] 1565 Thomas Gresham founds the Royal Exchange.
By the late 16th century, London increasingly became a major centre for banking, international trade and commerce. The Royal Exchange was founded in 1565 by Sir Thomas Gresham as a centre of commerce for London's merchants, and gained Royal patronage in 1571.
Londinium, also known as Roman London, was the capital of Roman Britain during most of the period of Roman rule. Most twenty-first century historians think that it was originally a settlement established shortly after the Claudian invasion of Britain, on the current site of the City of London around 47–50 AD, [4] [5] [3] but some defend an older view that the city originated in a defensive ...
It was not until the twentieth century that archaeologists were able to prove conclusively that London was founded in 43 AD. [ 15 ] The 18th-century English poet Hildebrand Jacob wrote an epic poem, Brutus the Trojan, Founder of the British Empire , about him, following in the tradition of Virgil's fictitious Roman foundation epic the Aeneid ...
Sweyn Forkbeard attacked London unsuccessfully in 996 and 1013, but his son Cnut the Great finally gained control of London, and all of England, in 1016. Edward the Confessor became king in 1042. He built Westminster Abbey , the first large Romanesque church in England, consecrated in 1065, and the first Palace of Westminster .
The church of St. Bartholomew-the-Great was founded in 1123 and remains one of the few remaining churches built in the Norman style of architecture in London. [34] The first London church built in the Gothic style of architecture was Temple Church, which was consecrated in 1185. [35]