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The amount of electricity required to run a 1 W device for 1 s. The energy required to accelerate a 1 kg mass at 1 m/s 2 through a distance of 1 m. The kinetic energy of a 2 kg mass travelling at 1 m/s, or a 1 kg mass travelling at 1.41 m/s. The energy required to lift an apple up 1 m, assuming the apple has a mass of 101.97 g.
kT (also written as k B T) is the product of the Boltzmann constant, k (or k B), and the temperature, T.This product is used in physics as a scale factor for energy values in molecular-scale systems (sometimes it is used as a unit of energy), as the rates and frequencies of many processes and phenomena depend not on their energy alone, but on the ratio of that energy and kT, that is, on E ...
An electronvolt is the amount of energy gained or lost by a single electron when it moves through an electric potential difference of one volt.Hence, it has a value of one volt, which is 1 J/C, multiplied by the elementary charge e = 1.602 176 634 × 10 −19 C. [2]
The instantaneous electrical power P delivered to a component is given by = (), where P ( t ) {\displaystyle P(t)} is the instantaneous power, measured in watts ( joules per second ), V ( t ) {\displaystyle V(t)} is the potential difference (or voltage drop) across the component, measured in volts , and
The watt, kilogram, joule, and the second are part of the International System of Units (SI). The hour is not, though it is accepted for use with the SI.Since a watt equals one joule per second and because one hour equals 3600 seconds, one watt-hour per kilogram can be expressed in SI units as 3600 joules per kilogram.
The Btu is often used to express the conversion-efficiency of heat into electrical energy in power plants. Figures are quoted in terms of the quantity of heat in Btu required to generate 1 kW⋅h of electrical energy. A typical coal-fired power plant works at 10,500 Btu/kWh (3.1 kWh/kWh), an efficiency of 32–33%. [25]
A unit of electrical energy, particularly for utility bills, is the kilowatt-hour (kWh); [3] one kilowatt-hour is equivalent to 3.6 megajoules. Electricity usage is often given in units of kilowatt-hours per year or other periods. [4] This is a measurement of average power consumption, meaning the average rate at which energy is transferred ...
The joule per mole (symbol: J·mol −1 or J/mol) is the unit of energy per amount of substance in the International System of Units (SI), such that energy is measured in joules, and the amount of substance is measured in moles. It is also an SI derived unit of molar thermodynamic energy defined as the energy equal to one joule in one mole of ...