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Ukrainian grammar is complex and characterised by a high degree of inflection; moreover, it has a relatively free word order, although the dominant arrangement is subject–verb–object (SVO). Ukrainian grammar describes its phonological, morphological, and syntactic rules.
The apostrophe in the Ukrainian language is used before the letters я, ю, є, ї, when they denote the combination of the consonant / j / with the vowels / ɑ /, / u /, / ɛ /, / i / after б, п, в, м, ф, р and any solid consonant ending in a prefix or the first part of a compound word.
Ukrainian grammar still allows for /i/ to alternate with either /ɛ/ or /ɔ/ in the regular inflection of certain words. The absence of consonant palatalization before /i/ has become rare, however, but is still allowed when the і succeeding a consonant originated from older о, evidenced by о preserved in some word forms such as стіл ...
Ruthenian-Ukrainian period (early 10th—17th centuries) ancient Ruthenian-Ukrainian period: 10th Ruthenian-Ukrainian the third quarter of the 14th century. Old Ukrainian period: ost. quarter 14th — beg. 17th century; Norms of "Grammar" by Meletius Smotrytskyi in 1619 (17th and 18th centuries) New Ukrainian period (19th century — present)
Ukrainian locative and instrumental cases usually go with a preposition, unlike the other four cases in Ukrainian grammar, that may generally be employed without prepositions. The most common locative prepositions are на , na , 'on', and в, у, уві, ув , v, u, uvi, uv , 'in'; usage of these four different variations of "in" depends on ...
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Ukrainian is declaratively proclaimed as one of three official languages of the breakaway Moldovan region of Transnistria. [101] Ukrainian is widely spoken within the 400,000-strong (in 1994) Ukrainian community in Brazil. [102] It is the official language in Prudentópolis alongside Portuguese. [103] [104] [105]
His books include The Ukrainian Language and Its Dialects, in Ukrainian, (1937; 5th revised ed. 1978), a German-language textbook of Ukrainian (1940; 4th ed. 1964), A Modern Ukrainian Grammar for English speakers (1949; reprinted seven times), [4] and a pioneering but incomplete English-language Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language (2 volumes in 22 fascicles, 1962–1982). [5]