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There have been 13 British monarchs since the political union of the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland on 1 May 1707.England and Scotland had been in personal union since 24 March 1603; while the style, "King of Great Britain" first arose at that time, legislatively the title came into force in 1707.
By royal proclamation, James styled himself "King of Great Britain", but no such kingdom was actually created until 1707, when England and Scotland united during the reign of Queen Anne to form the new Kingdom of Great Britain, with a single British parliament sitting at Westminster. This marked the end of the Kingdom of England as a sovereign ...
of England: Louis XIII 1601–1643 King of France: House of Hanover: Charles Duke of Cornwall 1629: King Charles II 1630–1685 r. 1649–1651 r. 1660–1685 (Scotland) r. 1660–1685 (England) Catherine of Braganza 1638–1705 Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland: William II 1626–1650 Prince of Orange: Mary Princess Royal 1631–1660 ...
King of England r. 1040–1042: Harold I Harefoot c. 1015 –1040 King of England r. 1037–1040: Lulach the fool before 1033–1058 King of Alba r. 1057–1058: House of Normandy: William I the Conqueror c. 1028 –1087 King of England r. 1066–1087: Saint Margaret of Scotland c. 1045 –1093: Malcolm III Canmore c. 1031 –1093 King of Scots ...
In 1707, the kingdoms of England and Scotland were merged to create the Kingdom of Great Britain, and in 1801, the Kingdom of Ireland joined to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The British monarch was the nominal head of the vast British Empire, which covered a quarter of the world's land area at its greatest extent in 1921.
This is the family tree for monarchs of England (and Wales after 1282) from Alfred the Great to Elizabeth I of England. The House of Wessex family tree precedes this family tree and the family tree of the British royal family follows it. (see List_of_monarchs_of_Wessex) As to the medieval histories of Scotland and Wales:
The longest-lived British monarch and ruler was Queen Elizabeth II, who was aged 96 years, 140 days, having surpassed her great-great-grandmother Queen Victoria on 21 December 2007, who had held the record since 18 January 1901, surpassing her own grandfather George III—just four days before her own death on 22 January 1901.
This is a list of the individuals who were, at any given time, considered the next in line to succeed the British monarch to inherit the throne of the Kingdom of Great Britain (1707–1800), the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801–1922), or the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (1922–present), should the incumbent monarch die or abdicate.