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Latent heat is energy released or absorbed by a body or a thermodynamic system during a constant-temperature process. Two common forms of latent heat are latent heat of fusion and latent heat of vaporization . These names describe the direction of energy flow when changing from one phase to the next: from solid to liquid, and liquid to gas.
The contribution of the muscle to the specific heat of the body is approximately 47%, and the contribution of the fat and skin is approximately 24%. The specific heat of tissues range from ~0.7 kJ · kg−1 · °C−1 for tooth (enamel) to 4.2 kJ · kg−1 · °C−1 for eye (sclera). [13]
Temperature-dependency of the heats of vaporization for water, methanol, benzene, and acetone. In thermodynamics, the enthalpy of vaporization (symbol ∆H vap), also known as the (latent) heat of vaporization or heat of evaporation, is the amount of energy that must be added to a liquid substance to transform a quantity of that substance into a gas.
It also allows us to determine the specific volume of a saturated vapor and liquid at that provided temperature. In the equation below, represents the specific latent heat, represents temperature, and represents the change in specific volume. [3]
The energy needed to evaporate the water is taken from the air in the form of sensible heat and converted into latent heat, while the air remains at a constant enthalpy. Latent heat describes the amount of heat that is needed to evaporate the liquid; this heat comes from the liquid itself and the surrounding gas and surfaces.
The term specific heat may also refer to the ratio between the specific heat capacities of a substance at a given temperature and of a reference substance at a reference temperature, such as water at 15 °C; [5] much in the fashion of specific gravity. Specific heat capacity is also related to other intensive measures of heat capacity with ...
The heat capacity of an object, denoted by , is the limit =, where is the amount of heat that must be added to the object (of mass M) in order to raise its temperature by . The value of this parameter usually varies considerably depending on the starting temperature T {\displaystyle T} of the object and the pressure p {\displaystyle p} applied ...
The latent heat of water is 334 joules/gram. The phase change of water occurs at 0 °C (32 °F). Some applications use the thermal capacity of water or ice as cold storage; others use it as heat storage. It can serve either application; ice can be melted to store heat then refrozen to warm an environment.