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Reed boiler: An early naval water-tube boiler. [6] [9] return-flue boiler: flued boiler with a single large flue that folds back on itself. Used in early steam locomotives. return-tube boiler: fire-tube boiler with multiple small fire-tubes that reverse the direction of gas flow within the boiler. Individual tubes are not folded: there is ...
A boiler is a closed vessel in which fluid (generally water) is heated. The fluid does not necessarily boil. The heated or vaporized fluid exits the boiler for use in various processes or heating applications, [1] [page needed] [2] [page needed] including water heating, central heating, boiler-based power generation, cooking, and sanitation.
In a water boiler, draft is the difference between atmospheric pressure and the pressure existing in the furnace or flue gas passage. [1] Draft can also be referred to as the difference in pressure in the combustion chamber area which results in the motion of the flue gases and the air flow.
The lower the return temperature to the boiler the more likely it will be in condensing mode. If the return temperature is kept below approximately 55 °C (131 °F), the boiler should still be in condensing mode making low temperature applications such as radiant floors and even old cast iron radiators a good match for the technology.
Boilers using the pressure jet type of burner, i.e. with a fan, (usually with 35 second oil) can achieve a turndown ratio of 2, while the rotary cup type burner can achieve 4. [3] Condensing oil boilers are fairly unusual; the condensate from the combustion of oil is far more aggressive than gas, mainly due to sulphur content.
The burner and centrifugal blower is at the left. Two vertical water level gauges can also be seen. A package boiler is a factory-made boiler. Package boilers are available in a range of standard designs. Package boilers are used for heating and act as a steam generator for small power purposes such as self-powered industrial plants. Package ...
A non-return valve allowing atmospheric air into the boiler, if a cold boiler reduces its internal pressure on cooling down. This avoids the risk of damage to some types, if their pressure loads are reversed. Few boilers are fitted with these, although the feedwater clack valve usually has a similar effect. Vertical boiler Water-level Water-wall
'Wilberforce' boiler in section The first recorded boiler of comparable form was used in a railway locomotive, Hackworth's 'Wilberforce' class of 1830. [2] This had a long cylindrical boiler shell similar to his earlier return-flued 'Royal George' , but with the return flue replaced by a number of small firetubes, as had been demonstrated so effectively by Stephenson with his 'Rocket' a year ...