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The modern Dvorak layout (U.S.) Dvorak / ˈ d v ɔːr æ k / ⓘ [1] is a keyboard layout for English patented in 1936 by August Dvorak and his brother-in-law, William Dealey, as a faster and more ergonomic alternative to the QWERTY layout (the de facto standard keyboard layout).
August Dvorak (May 5, 1894 – October 9, 1975) [1] [2] was an American educational psychologist and professor of education [3] at the University of Washington in Seattle, Washington. [4] He and his brother-in-law, William Dealey, are best known for creating the Dvorak keyboard layout in the 1930s as a replacement for the QWERTY keyboard layout.
The US keyboard layout has a second Alt key instead of the AltGr key and does not use any dead keys; this makes it inefficient for all but a handful of languages. On the other hand, the US keyboard layout (or the similar UK layout) is occasionally used by programmers in countries where the keys for []{} are located in less convenient positions ...
A keyboard overlay [25] is a plastic or paper masks that can be placed over the empty space between the keys, providing the user with the functional use of various keys. Alternatively, a user applies keyboard stickers with an extra imprinted language alphabet and adds another keyboard layout via language support options in the operating system ...
There are a number of different keyboard layouts available: QWERTY is the standard English-language keyboard layout, as the first six keys on the row of letters are Q, W, E, R, T and Y. Other keyboards layouts include AZERTY and Dvorak. The AZERTY keyboard is a variation of the standard QWERTY keyboard adapted for French-language input.
There were modifications to the layout made for Spanish, French, German, and Polish. Blickensderfer "scientific" keyboard advertisement. By way of comparison, the later Dvorak keyboard layout has the consonants on its home row in DHIATENSOR order: D H T N S. The Dvorak R is in the neighboring far row, between T and N.
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ISO/IEC 9995 Information technology — Keyboard layouts for text and office systems is an ISO/IEC standard series defining layout principles for computer keyboards. It does not define specific layouts but provides the base for national and industry standards which define such layouts.