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In a mature flower, the perianth consists of a calyx (sepals) and the corolla it supports. A sepal (/ ˈ s ɛ p əl, ˈ s iː p əl /) [1] [2] [3] is a part of the flower of angiosperms (flowering plants). Usually green, sepals typically function as protection for the flower in bud, and often as support for the petals when in bloom. [4]
Diagram of flower parts. In botany, floral morphology is the study of the diversity of forms and structures presented by the flower, which, by definition, is a branch of limited growth that bears the modified leaves responsible for reproduction and protection of the gametes, called floral pieces.
A flower's anatomy, as defined by the presence of a series of organs (sepals, petals, stamens and carpels) positioned according to a given pattern, facilitate sexual reproduction in flowering plants. The flower arises from the activity of three classes of genes, which regulate floral development: [8]
Flower bud – a bud from which only flowers develop; Fruticose – woody stemmed with a shrub-like habit. Branching near the soil with woody based stems. Guard cell – one of the paired epidermal cells that control the opening and closing of a stoma in plant tissue.
In the shape of a chain; formed of parts or cells connected as if chained together, e.g. some diatoms, algae, and cyanobacteria such as Anabaena. See also concatenate. catkin A spike, usually pendulous, in which the mostly small flower s are unisexual and without a conspicuous perianth, e.g. in willows, poplars, oaks, and casuarinas.
A mature flower. In this example, the perianth is separated into a calyx (sepals) and corolla (petals) The perianth (perigonium, perigon or perigone in monocots) is the non-reproductive part of the flower, and structure that forms an envelope surrounding the sexual organs, consisting of the calyx (sepals) and the corolla (petals) or tepals when called a perigone.
Floral diagram of Anagallis arvensis. [1]: 307 The dot represents the main axis, green structure below is the subtending bract.Calyx (green arcs) consists of five free sepals; corolla (red arcs) consists of five fused petals.
These roots form interactions with rhizosphere bacteria such as Bacillus megaterium. [14] Scanning electron micrograph of a trichome, a leaf hair of A. thaliana, a unique structure made of a single cell. A. thaliana can complete its entire lifecycle in six weeks. The central stem that produces flowers grows after about 3 weeks, and the flowers ...