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Stone slabs require a very heavyweight roof structure, but their weight makes them stormproof. An obsolete roofing material, now used commercially only for building restoration. Collyweston stone slate named after the village of Collyweston; Solar shingle; Metal shakes or shingles. Long life. High cost, suitable for roofs of 3:12 pitch or greater.
The roof is also a dead load. Dead loads are also known as permanent or static loads. Building materials are not dead loads until constructed in permanent position. [8] [9] [10] IS875(part 1)-1987 give unit weight of building materials, parts, components.
Concrete roof tiles tend to feature around 13% moisture absorption, which requires periodic resealing every 3–7 years to avoid critical failure. [75] [69] The inherent porosity of cement requires that cement tiles are made very heavy and thick, as a result they have continuously been one of the heaviest roofing materials in the market. [76]
A thatched roof ensures that a building is cool in summer and warm in winter. Thatch also has very good resistance to wind damage when applied correctly. Thatching materials range from plains grasses to waterproof leaves found in equatorial regions. It is the most common roofing material in the world, because the materials are readily available.
In the United States, fiberglass-based asphalt shingles are by far the most common roofing material used for residential roofing applications. In Europe, they are called bitumen roof shingles or tile strips, and are much less common. [4] They are easy to install, relatively affordable, last 20 to 60 years and are recyclable in some areas.
Asphalt roll roofing or membrane is a roofing material commonly used for buildings that feature a low sloped roof pitch in North America. The material is based on the same materials used in asphalt shingles ; an organic felt or fiberglass mat, saturated with asphalt , and faced with granular stone aggregate.