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The Afghan Liturgical Quire (ALQ), also known as the Afghan Siddur, is a quire from the Afghan Geniza in Bamyan, Afghanistan. It is the oldest Hebrew book ever discovered, [1] and contains Hebrew liturgical texts, including prayers, blessings, and poetry. The manuscript was written in Hebrew, Aramaic and Judeo-Persian.
The Afghan Liturgical Quire, the oldest known siddur in the world.From the 8th century [1]. A siddur (Hebrew: סִדּוּר sīddūr, [siˈduʁ, 'sɪdəʁ]; plural siddurim סִדּוּרִים) is a Jewish prayer book containing a set order of daily prayers.
An edition based on these manuscripts has been published by Davidson, Assaf and Yoel in Jerusalem in 1941. The Arabic portions are accompanied by translations into Hebrew in facing columns. According to David Bar-Hayim, the Birkat Hamazon in the siddur of Saadia Gaon is the shortest known fixed Jewish grace after meals, today. [1]
The oldest surviving complete manuscript of the Haggadah dates to the 10th century. It is part of a prayer book compiled by Saadia Gaon. It is now believed that the Haggadah first became produced as an independent book in codex form around 1000 CE. [15] Maimonides (1135–1204) included the Haggadah in his code of Jewish law, the Mishneh Torah ...
1803 Sephardic prayer book, in the Jewish Museum of Switzerland’s collection. This List of Sephardic prayer books is supplementary to the article on Sephardic law and customs. It is divided both by age and by geographical origin. For the evolution of the laws and customs of prayer in Sephardic communities, see the main article.
The "standing [prayer]", also known as the Shemoneh Esreh ("The Eighteen"), consisting of 19 strophes on weekdays and seven on Sabbath days and 9 on Rosh haShana Mussaf. It is the essential component of Jewish services, and is the only service that the Talmud calls prayer.
The Baladi-rite Prayer is the oldest known prayer-rite used by Yemenite Jews, transcribed in a prayer book known as a tiklāl (Judeo-Yemeni Arabic: תכלאל, plural תכאלל tikālil) in Yemenite Jewish parlance. "Baladi", as a term applied to the prayer-rite, was not used until prayer books arrived in Yemen in the Sephardic-rite.
The siddur and macḥzor are the two principal types of Jewish prayer books. Siddur from a Hebrew root meaning "order", refers to the prayer book generally used through the course of the year. The "complete" siddur will contain prayers for weekdays and Shabbat, for lifecycle events like weddings and circumcisions, and for most major and minor ...