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Radio amateurs may engage in satellite and space craft communications; however, the frequencies allowed for such activities are allocated separately from more general use radio amateur bands. Under the International Telecommunication Union 's rules, all amateur radio operations may only occur within 50 kilometres (31 mi) of the Earth's surface.
Many amateurs attribute this to the abundance of commercial radio equipment designed for 136–174 MHz and 450–512 MHz that amateurs could easily modify for use on the 2-meter and 70-centimeter bands. There were no commercial frequency allocations near the 1.25-meter band, and little commercial radio equipment was available.
Radio amateurs are limited to a specific set of frequency bands, the amateur radio bands, allocated throughout the radio spectrum, but within these bands are allowed to transmit on any frequency using a variety of voice, text, image, and data communications modes. This enables communication across a city, region, country, continent, the world ...
American radio amateurs may use a maximum of one watt of radiated RF power, on any ham frequency authorized for data emissions, to control RC models. [10] Canadian radio amateurs may use any amateur frequency above 30 MHz for the control of RC models. [11] Plus or minus 5 MHz is a common repeater frequency offset in the 70 cm band.
The World Administrative Radio Conference (WARC) bands are three portions of the shortwave radio spectrum used by licensed and/or certified amateur radio operators. They consist of 30 meters (10.1–10.15 MHz), 17 meters (18.068–18.168 MHz), and 12 meters (24.89–24.99 MHz).
160-meter band refers to the band of radio frequencies between 1.8 and 2 MHz, just above the medium wave broadcast band.For many decades the lowest radio frequency band allocated for use by amateur radio, before the adoption, at the beginning of the 21st century in most countries, of the 630-and 2200-meter bands.