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A modern industrial knitting machine in action industrial circular knitting fabric machines A knitting machine is a device used to create knitted fabrics in a semi or fully automated fashion. There are numerous types of knitting machines, ranging from simple spool or board templates with no moving parts to highly complex mechanisms controlled ...
Spool knitting is a traditional way to teach children the basic principles of knitting. According to Mary McCormack, author of Spool Knitting (published in 1909), "Few elementary exercises have aroused more interest in the child than the toy knitting; due, perhaps, to its simplicity and his power to do it easily and well." [2] [3]
Knitting can also be performed by machines. The first knitting machine, known as the stocking frame, was invented in England in 1589. [24] Modern knitting machines, both domestic and industrial, are either flat-bed or circular. [22] Flat-bed knitting machines knit back and forth, producing a flat piece of fabric.
In the intervening three years March likely had discussed the device with Morris who submitted a similar patent (No.1282) for a twisting machine for making Brussels point lace. These early machines were modifications of the stocking frame with an additional warp beam. [1] In 1795, the machine was successfully used to make lacy fabrics. [2]
Flat knitting machines are those machines which produce flat fabric of even width or by increasing or decreasing the number of stitches in the rows, flat but shaped pieces of fabric to be subsequently made up by sewing. Flat machines include machines for ordinary (weft) knitting and warp knitting.
The machines can produce a variety of topologies that were more difficult or impossible to create with knitting machines before, including: connected tubes, circles, open cuboids, and even spheres (for helmet shells and other preforms). Complete garment knitting requires two needle beds for three-dimensional structures (such as clothing).
[10] With the invention of the knitting machine, however, knitting "by hand" became a useful but non-essential craft. Similar to quilting, spinning, and needlepoint, knitting became a social activity. Hand knitting has gone into and out of fashion many times in the last two centuries, and at the turn of the 21st century it is enjoying a revival.
The earliest published English knitting pattern appeared in Natura Exenterata: or Nature Unbowelled, which was printed in London in 1655 [9] Jane Gaugain was an early influential author of knitting pattern books in the early 1800s. Yarn companies give away knitting patterns to promote use of their yarn. [10] [11] [12] [13]