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Wetlands can be tidal (inundated by tides) or non-tidal. [15] The water in wetlands is either freshwater, brackish, saline, or alkaline. [2] There are four main kinds of wetlands – marsh, swamp, bog, and fen (bogs and fens being types of peatlands or mires). Some experts also recognize wet meadows and aquatic ecosystems as additional wetland ...
The East Kolkata Wetlands (officially known as East Calcutta Wetlands) (22 0 27’ N 88 0 27’ E), are a complex of natural and human-made wetlands lying east of the city of Calcutta (Kolkata), of West Bengal in India. The wetlands cover 125 square kilometres and include salt marshes, and agricultural fields, sewage farms and settling ponds.
[1] [2] [3] Ashtamudi Wetland was included in the list of wetlands of international importance, as defined by the Ramsar Convention for the conservation and sustainable utilization of wetlands. [4] Ashtamudi Estuary is the deepest among all the estuaries in Kerala, with a maximum depth of 6.4 meters at the confluence zone.
A freshwater swamp forest is a type of wetland ecosystem characterized by its unique hydrology and vegetation. These forests are typically found in low-lying areas, riverbanks, and floodplains where there is a consistent supply of freshwater. [3]
An aquatic ecosystem is an ecosystem found in and around a body of water, in contrast to land-based terrestrial ecosystems. Aquatic ecosystems contain communities of organisms—aquatic life—that are dependent on each other and on their environment. The two main types of aquatic ecosystems are marine ecosystems and freshwater ecosystems. [1]
The Ramsar classification of wetland types is intended as a means for fast identification of the main types of wetlands for the purposes of the convention. [2] The wetlands are classified into three major classes: Marine/coastal wetlands; Inland wetlands; Human-made wetlands
Lake ecosystems can be divided into zones. One common system divides lakes into three zones. The first, the littoral zone, is the shallow zone near the shore. [5] This is where rooted wetland plants occur. The offshore is divided into two further zones, an open water zone and a deep water zone.
It is an ecologically important riverine wetland, rich in plant and animal species such as mugger crocodile, hump-backed mahseer, painted stork, spot-billed pelican and black-headed ibis. 59 Vembannur Wetland Complex: Tamil Nadu: 8 April 2022 0.20 Vembannur Wetland Complex is a man-made inland tank which forms the southernmost tip of peninsular ...