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The history of chess can be traced back nearly 1,500 years to its earliest known predecessor, called chaturanga, in India; its prehistory is the subject of speculation. From India it spread to Persia, where it was modified in terms of shapes and rules and developed into Shatranj.
Chess is a board game for two players. It is sometimes called international chess or Western chess to distinguish it from related games such as xiangqi (Chinese chess) and shogi (Japanese chess). Chess is an abstract strategy game which involves no hidden information and no elements of chance.
c. 720 – Chess spreads across the Islamic world from Persia. c. 840 – Earliest surviving chess problems by Caliph Billah of Baghdad. c. 900 – Entry on Chess in the Chinese work Huan Kwai Lu ('Book of Marvels'). 997 – Versus de scachis is the earliest known work mentioning chess in Christian Western Europe. [2]
Archeological remains from 2000 to 3000 BC have been found from the city of Lothal (of the Indus Valley Civilisation) of pieces on a board that resemble chess. [10] Another argument that chaturanga is much older is the fact that the chariot is the most powerful piece on the board, although chariots appear to have been obsolete in warfare for at ...
For a time, Löwenthal served as club secretary of the St. George's Chess Club in London. He taught chess and invented the first demonstration board. He helped organise an international tournament in 1862, and then published a tournament book. Löwenthal was for some time chess editor of The Illustrated News of the World and of The Era.
Murray's aim is threefold: to present as complete a record as is possible of the varieties of chess that exist or have existed in different parts of the world; to investigate the ultimate origin of these games and the circumstances of the invention of chess; and to trace the development of the modern European game from the first appearance of its ancestor, the Indian chaturanga, in the ...
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Persian chess masters composed many shatranj problems. Such shatranj problems were called manṣūba مَنصوبة (pl. manṣūbāt), منصوبات. This word can be translated from Arabic as "arrangement", "position" or "situation". Mansubat were typically composed in such a way that a win could be achieved as a sequence of checks.