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Sculpey is a brand of polymer clay made by Polyform Products in the United States. The compound was first created in the early 1960s, with the original idea being to use the clay as a thermal transfer compound which would conduct heat away from the cores of electrical transformers.
Kato polyclay is a brand of oven-hardening polymer clay. The concept of Kato Polyclay was created by the collaboration of Donna Kato, a polymer clay artist, and Van Aken International, a manufacturer of modeling compounds. The material is intended for decorative use such as jewelry, dolls, boxes or vases.
FIMO was first a plastic modeling compound brought to the attention of German dollmaker Käthe Kruse in 1939 as a possible replacement for plastic compounds. It was not suitable for her doll factory use, and she turned it over to her daughter Sophie Rehbinder-Kruse, [3] who was known in the family as "Fifi" (hence FIMO, from Fifi's Modeling Compound).
Oven-hardenable PVC plastisol, "liquid polymer clay," is a complement to polymer clay that can be used as an adhesive to combine pieces, or to create various effects. Pigments, chalk pastel, and regular polymer clay can be added to make colored liquid clay. The liquid can also be poured into molds to produce cast parts. [citation needed]
Polymer clay is a modelling material that cures when heated from 129 to 135 °C (265 to 275 °F) for 15 minutes per 6 millimetres (1 ⁄ 4 in) of thickness, and does not significantly shrink or change shape during the process. Despite being called "clay", it generally contains no clay minerals.
The baking times depend on the SU-8 layer thickness; the thicker the layer, the longer the baking time. The temperature is controlled during the baking in order to reduce stress formation in the thick layer (leading to cracks) as the solvent evaporates. The soft bake is the most important of the bake steps for stress formation.
Clay identification is determined by a process of refiring the ceramic and assigning a color to it using Munsell Soil Color notation. By estimating both the clay and temper compositions and locating a region where both are known to occur, an assignment of the material source can be made.
Clay roasting pots called Römertopf ('Roman pot') are a recreation of the wet-clay cooking vessels used by the Etruscans, and appropriated by the Romans, by at least the first century BC. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] They are used for a variety of dishes in the oven and are always immersed in water and soaked for at least fifteen minutes before being placed in ...