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Constantinople [a] (see other names) was a historical city located on the Bosporus that served as the capital of the Roman, Byzantine, Latin, and Ottoman empires between its consecration in 330 until 1930, when it was renamed to Istanbul.
The Ottomans tried to leave the choice of religion to the individual rather than imposing forced classifications. However, there were grey areas. Ottoman Greeks in Constantinople, painted by Luigi Mayer. Ottoman practice assumed that law would be applied based on the religious beliefs of its citizens.
The Eastern Orthodox Church has been headquartered in Constantinople since the 4th century AD. [44] [45] [24] In 2020 the Anadolu Agency, a state-run news agency of the Turkish government, claimed that the number of Christians in Turkey was 180,854, which corresponds to 0.2% of the population. [46]
It flourished through the Roman and Byzantine empires, and survived into the Ottoman Empire until the early 20th century and the Greco-Turkish population exchange, which led to the disappearance of the local Christian population. The see continues to be occupied today as a titular see of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople.
However, it appears that the Christian community survived the devastation of the city. [3] [7] After the Ottoman conquest of Smyrna, it appears that the local Christians enjoyed a special status, contrary to several adjacent metropolises that became inactive, [2] while with the Fall of Constantinople (1453) to the Ottomans, a major ...
Map of Byzantine Constantinople. The Forum Bovis is located near the middle section of the sea walls, about 350 m. north of the Eleutherion harbor.. The Forum of the Ox (Latin: Forum Bovis, Greek: ὁ Bοῦς, meaning "the Ox") was a public square (Latin: Forum) in the city of Constantinople (today's Istanbul).
It was conquered by the Ottomans in 1517. Orthodoxy, however, was very strong in Russia which had recently acquired an autocephalous status; and thus Moscow called itself the Third Rome, as the cultural heir of Constantinople. Under Ottoman rule, the Greek Orthodox Church acquired power as an autonomous millet. The ecumenical patriarch was the ...
Map of Byzantine Constantinople. The Kontoskalion is located in the southeastern part of the city, and named Harbour of Julian/Sophia. The Kontoskalion (Greek: Κοντοσκάλιον), also known as Harbour of Julian (Latin: Portus Iulianus, Greek: Λιμὴν τοῦ Ἰουλιανοῦ), Portus Novus ("New Port"), or Harbour of Sophia (Greek: Λιμὴν τῆς Σοφίας or ...