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Sodium ethoxide is commonly used as a base in the Claisen condensation [7] and malonic ester synthesis. [8] Sodium ethoxide may either deprotonate the α-position of an ester molecule, forming an enolate, or the ester molecule may undergo a nucleophilic substitution called transesterification. If the starting material is an ethyl ester, trans ...
Barbital was prepared by condensing diethylmalonic ester with urea in the presence of sodium ethoxide, or by adding at least two molar equivalents of ethyl iodide to the silver salt of malonylurea (barbituric acid) or possibly to a basic solution of the acid. The result was an odorless, slightly bitter, white crystalline powder.
A typical Williamson reaction is conducted at 50 to 100 °C and is complete in 1 to 8 h. Often the complete disappearance of the starting material is difficult to achieve, and side reactions are common. Yields of 50–95% are generally achieved in laboratory syntheses, while near-quantitative conversion can be achieved in industrial procedures.
Butabarbital (brand name Butisol) is a prescription barbiturate sleep aid and anxiety medication.Butabarbital has a particularly fast onset of effects and short duration of action compared to other barbiturates, which makes it useful for certain applications such as treating severe insomnia, relieving general anxiety and relieving anxiety before surgical procedures; however it is also ...
It may also be prepared from the reaction of sodium ethoxide, formed in-situ from sodium and absolute ethanol, and chloroform: [2] CHCl 3 + 3 Na + 3 EtOH → HC(OEt) 3 + 3 ⁄ 2 H 2 + 3 NaCl. Triethyl orthoformate is used in the Bodroux-Chichibabin aldehyde synthesis, for example: [3] RMgBr + HC(OC 2 H 5) 3 → RC(H)(OC 2 H 5) 2 + MgBr(OC 2 H 5)
When a small, unhindered base – such as sodium hydroxide, sodium methoxide, or sodium ethoxide – is used for an E2 elimination, the Zaytsev product is typically favored over the least substituted alkene, known as the Hofmann product. For example, treating 2-Bromo-2-methyl butane with sodium ethoxide in ethanol produces the Zaytsev product ...
Ethyl glyoxylate 2 and glutaconate (diethyl-2-methylpent-2-enedioate) 1 react to isoprenetricarboxylic acid 3 (isoprene (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene) skeleton) with sodium ethoxide. This reaction product is very unstable with initial loss of carbon dioxide and followed by many secondary reactions.
Amobarbital (formerly known as amylobarbitone or sodium amytal as the soluble sodium salt) is a drug that is a barbiturate derivative. It has sedative-hypnotic properties. It is a white crystalline powder with no odor and a slightly bitter taste. It was first synthesized in Germany in 1923. It is considered a short to intermediate acting ...