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Multi-level governance is an approach in political science and public administration theory that originated from studies on European integration.Political scientists Liesbet Hooghe and Gary Marks developed the concept of multi-level governance in the early 1990s and have continuously been contributing to the research program in a series of articles (see Bibliography). [3]
In the Philippines, this is characterized by continuous and increasing levels of debt and budget deficits, though there were improvements in the last few years of the first decade of the 21st century. [2] The Philippine government's main source of revenue are taxes, with some non-tax revenue also being collected. To finance fiscal deficit and ...
The Department of Budget and Management (DBM; Filipino: Kagawaran ng Badyet at Pamamahala) [1] is an executive body under the Office of the President of the Philippines.It is responsible for the sound and efficient use of government resources for national development and also as an instrument for the meeting of national socio-economic and political development goals.
In the Philippines, monetary policy is the way the central bank, the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, controls the supply and availability of money, the cost of money, and the rate of interest. With fiscal policy (government spending and taxes), monetary policy allows the government to influence the economy, control inflation, and stabilize ...
A fiscal imbalance emerges when sub-national governments have different abilities to raise funds from their tax bases and to provide services.
The government of the Philippines (Filipino: Pamahalaan ng Pilipinas) has three interdependent branches: the legislative, executive, and judicial branches.The Philippines is governed as a unitary state under a presidential representative and democratic constitutional republic in which the president functions as both the head of state and the head of government of the country within a pluriform ...
Section 284 of the Local Government Code of the Philippines (RA 7160) sets up the formula for the distribution of the allotment. All or nearly all of the revenue that a local government has to spend comes from their IRA, though some local governments also have additional local sources of revenue such as property taxes and government fees ...
The New Government Procurement Act of 2024, officially designated as Republic Act No. 12009, is a Philippine law which prescribes the necessary rules to address the lack of transparency and competition in government procurement, eliminate collusion and interference, and lessen the delay in the procurement process by creating the Government Procurement Policy Board (GPPB) and PhilGEPs.