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Likewise, the term downstream or downriver describes the direction towards the mouth of the stream or river, in which the current flows. The term " left bank " and " right bank " refers to banks as seen from the direction of flow, towards the downstream direction.
As the river becomes deeper and wider, it may move slower and receive more sunlight. This supports invertebrates and a variety of fish, as well as scrapers feeding on algae. [20] Further downstream, the river may get most of its energy from organic matter that was already processed upstream by collectors and shredders.
Each headwater is considered one of the river's sources, as it is the place where surface runoffs from rainwater, meltwater, or spring water begin accumulating into a more substantial and consistent flow that becomes a first-order tributary of that river. The tributary with the longest course downstream of the headwaters is regarded as the main ...
A stream's source depends on the surrounding landscape and its function within larger river networks. While perennial and intermittent streams are typically supplied by smaller upstream waters and groundwater, headwater and ephemeral streams often derive most of their water from precipitation in the form of rain and snow. [44]
The stream order or waterbody order is a positive whole number used in geomorphology and hydrology to indicate the level of branching in a river system.. There are various approaches [1] to the topological ordering of rivers or sections of rivers based on their distance from the source ("top down" [2]) or from the confluence (the point where two rivers merge) or river mouth ("bottom up" [3 ...
Fair river sharing is a kind of a fair division problem in which the waters of a river has to be divided among countries located along the river. It differs from other fair division problems in that the resource to be divided—the water—flows in one direction—from upstream countries to downstream countries.
The upstream and downstream portions must be modeled separately with an initial depth of 9.21 m for the upstream portion, and 0.15 m for the downstream portion. The downstream depth should only be modeled until it reaches the conjugate depth of the normal depth, at which point a hydraulic jump will form.
The Hase River in Melle, Germany divides into the Hase River and the Else River and has been researched as a natural phenomenon. A bifurcation of the Nerodime River in Kosovo , near the town of Ferizaj , at 42°22′19″N 21°08′00″E / 42.371827°N 21.133306°E / 42.371827; 21.133306 , was a hydrological curiosity as separate ...